Surgical and hardware expansion of the upper and lower jaw

Beautiful and healthy teeth play not only an aesthetic role for a person's appearance. The right bite affects the functioning of many body systems.

First of all, care depends on the bite during chewing food and distinctness of speech( diction).

If there are violations of the bite, then it is necessary orthodontic intervention.

When is it necessary to expand the upper jaw?

In some situations it is the expansion of the upper jaw that is the most acceptable chance to correct an abnormal bite.

The use of non-removable orthodontic devices or pathology correction by surgical method is used with the following anomalies:

1. Micrognathia - underdevelopment of one of the jaws. Anomaly can develop from the moment of birth or manifest itself at the stage of increased bone growth. The basis for the development of pathology can serve as rickets or other anomalies of bone tissue formation, mechanical damage, hereditary addiction, endocrine disorders.
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2. A rough narrowing of the tooth row of the , in cases where bite restoring is possible only by physical impact. In a similar situation, most often, they put this or that orthodontic construction.

Apparatus for the expansion of the upper jaw arc

In this case, the main task of using the orthodontic apparatus is the expansion of the upper jaw. The installation of specialized devices to normalize the proportion of the jaw arches, is associated with the displacement of the dentition in the sides from the central part of the sky.

A narrowed dentition is quite common, therefore orthodontists have developed all sorts of designs that can help solve this problem without prompt intervention. Most often their use gives a stable positive result, except that only certain pathologies are formed.

Orthostructures work with the body relatively gently and cause uncomfortable sensations in patients only in extreme cases.

Under the influence of soft pressure, slow motion of the dentition and destruction of bone tissues occur. There is a certain number of species of similar in their effect orthodontic systems.

Palatine extender

In general, the palatine expander is not able to solve all the problems that accompany the disproportional lifting of the jaws, but it is widely used as a primary step for further full recovery.

This device is installed in the case of a significant narrowing of the jaw in the absence of the opportunity to remedy the situation in more gentle ways.

This design is successfully used for correcting microgenia and micrognathia.

The most common palatine dilator is made in the form of a cruciform configuration. In the middle of the device is the main dilution share. In younger patients, stretching occurs fairly quickly, in about 3 weeks, and in patients aged, the treatment process is longer, up to 12-18 months.

The device is necessary to ensure unchanged pressure on the lateral planes of the jaw. Advantages of using this device are as follows:

• forms the correct bite in a short time;
• moves the teeth qualitatively and painlessly to the desired position;
• , when corrected, the jawbone is heard, but the rootlets of the teeth continue to remain in their own cells;
• potential of autonomous activation, in addition, a special key is produced.

The system is activated once in 48 hours.

The minuses of the palatal dilator are:

• systematic trauma of the linguistic cover, rubbing the compliant tissues of the palate;
• to purchase an early result, you need to activate the devices at least 1 mm per week;
• such a forcing definitely leads to a palpable pain during the entire treatment phase;
• use of the device urgently requires the use of additional means of cleaning the mouth and proper diet, in particular, it is required to exclude viscous and acidic foods from the menu.

The cost of treatment varies from 3 to 16 thousand rubles.

Orthodontic plate

The plate has a slightly different purpose, it is used to correct the interchangeable occlusion with a congenital anomaly of the dentition. Such designs are used to expand the jawbone, and the device can be used from the earliest years. Preferred patient's age is from 5 to 10 years. The big plus of the given device is that it can also be applied with uneven closing of a row of teeth. Manufacturing and installation are made in each case individually, by casts of jaws.

Make a device made of rigid plastic / plastic, it literally copies the relief of the roof of the sky. A design is made with the calculation of the presence of sectoral cuts, connected by special springs, which increase the pressure on the jawbone.

Given the specific anomaly, the screw-activator can be located in the center of the plate, or in its sectoral part. When concentrating the narrowing of the dentition in a specific area of ​​the jaw, the plate is placed only in this part of the jaw.

The main advantages of using the plate include:

• complexity of influence, there is an expansion of the jaw arc and synchronous alignment;
• ease of use and maintenance;
• painlessness during the adaptation period.

Defects of the application of this system can be considered:

• plate size;
• at first use is often present with a vomitive reflex;
• a long period of treatment with occasional wearing.

The average cost of treatment for this device is 10,000 rubles.

Deriichsweiler Apparatus

The Derricheusler apparatus is an instrument based on the support rings and the correcting arcs connecting them. Supported rings fixed on the molars have a lock, where then the arcs are strengthened. They approach each other in the sky zone, where the activator is located, the screw that transmits the established systematic pressure when twisting.

Under this action, the palatal seam is opened, which contributes to the expansion of the jaw. The resulting gap after a while is filled with a newly formed bone tissue.

The Derricheusler apparatus is considered to be one of the best constructions for the expansion of the upper jaw during the period of the infant replaceable bite.

The installation has the following advantages:

• soft correction;
• impossibility of self-removal of the device;
• system does not affect the periodontium and soft palate.

Minus of treatment with the help of such a design:

• at the initial stage of use there may be increased salivation and disturbances in the pronunciation of sounds;In rare cases,
• shows traumatism in the plane of the tongue;
• impossibility of self-adjustment;
• requires regular visits to the dentist;
• with the use of a design makes it difficult to clean the oral cavity normally.

Manufacturing and installation of the structure in each case is done in person, the cost of treatment is quite high, the price of the material from which an orthodontic device is made and the services of a doctor is laid.

Distraction of the mandible

Most often it is necessary to expand the upper dentition, but there are cases when the lower jaw is pathologically developed, in which case a fundamentally different version of the device, called distractors, is used. Such designs are able to provide with a gradual stretching of the mandibular bone with a replacement formation of fresh tissue.

The device for distraction of the lower jaw contains 2 support-retaining parts, one of which is executed in the shape of a Y-shaped plate with teeth at its edge.

In the middle part of the plate an elongated sleeve is fixed, on the other hand the supporting structure is a kappa with a finger fixed on it with a ball joint for setting the required angle.

A blind threaded bushing is fixed on the hinge, while the threaded and elongated bushings are combined by moving elements made in the form of a rod with a thickened section in the middle part. The rod cover contains a thread.

This design is mainly used for patients of small age. At a later age, it may be necessary to dissect the mandible centrally with an ultrasound scalpel. During the operation, teeth and mucous membranes are not affected.

The process of treatment of bite abnormalities with the help of a distractor is long, but true and relapse-free.

Surgical intervention

In addition to the use of apparatus for correcting abnormalities of the narrowing of the jaw arc, surgical methods are used. The need for surgical therapy arises in the absence of a positive result after the performed hardware treatment.

Patient opinion

The expansion of the jaw is a necessary but very complex process, as evidenced by the patient's feedback.