Adenomatous polyp of the endometrium: what it is, treatment after the removal, whether the operation is necessary

Every day in hospitals, doctors detect various pathological growths. Some are easy to remove during minimally invasive surgical procedures, others require a more serious approach. Adenomatous polyp - a type of tumors in the uterus, having a tendency to degenerate in malignant tissue. Therefore, It is important to survey and accurate selection of therapies.

Description and characteristics

Adenomatous polyps may be an independent disease. Sometimes pathology develops along with myoma, ovarian dysfunction and adenomyosis.

Polyps are glandular structure. He sprouts not into the wall of the reproductive organ, and in its cavity. Base adenomatous tumors expanded with increasing tapers to form a leg. In the center passes the blood vessel, which is the main source of power.

Form adenomatous formations usually round or oval. They can be single or multiple. The dimensions depend on how long they are present in the uterine cavity.

The surface usually smooth and shiny. Polyps vary in color. Depending on the presence and degree of inflammation of blood supply formation may be even slightly pink or maroon.

Main place of localization of adenomatous polyps - uterine fundus, body angle, the mouth of the fallopian tubes. Their size ranges from 5-30 mm. Sometimes you pinpoint the type of tumors can only after histological examination.

The disease is most often diagnosed in older women, especially after 40 years. risk of malignancy in these tumors is much higher than other types of polyps. That is why they are often considered a precancerous condition.

The danger of such cells due to the fact that they gradually become younger than the surrounding tissue. Polyps are no longer controlled by sex hormones, and soon their disorderly growth begins.

Adenomatous formation of such a character can be developed not only in the genital organs of women. Often, a phenomenon detected in the mucous membranes of the digestive system.

Causes of

Adenomatous polyps are not innate, but can be genetically inherited tendency to such a breach. A study of people with such a diagnosis has allowed to establish a connection between inheritance and the occurrence of disease. Those who had to remove the tumor in the family have been cases of the disease. The older a woman is, the greater the risk.

The following factors can be attributed to the underlying disease of reasons:

• borne infections during puberty;
• menstrual irregularities;
• climacteric;
• violation of the hormonal balance;
• breast during menopause;
• scraping the uterine cavity;
• too long wearing an intrauterine device for contraception.

Risk factors for the development of single or multiple adenomatous polyps of the following nature:

• mucosal reproductive organ injury due to diagnostic or surgical procedures, abortion or miscarriage;
• neurohormonal violation;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• lack of vitamins in the body;
• low immune defense;
• previously transferred cancers of the reproductive system;
• diabetes;
• overweight;
• continuous emotional stress.

Neoplasms tend to degenerate into malignant tumors. It is remarkable that scientists were able to identify the gene responsible for the human tendency to the formation of polyps. That is why the abnormality can be detected by several family members simultaneously.

symptoms

Adenomatous education does not always lead to the appearance of symptoms, which is why women are not treated in the early stages. As long as they are small in size, there is no discomfort. In the phase of menopause clinical manifestations are felt even less.

Polyposis has no specific symptoms. All signs of a woman can be blamed on individual characteristics, fatigue or hormonal failure. Suspected polyps inside the uterus can increase if you pay attention to the following features:

• intermenstrual bleeding of unknown etiology;
• appearance of blood after sexual contact or gynecological examination;
• abdominal pain of a different nature;
• heavy monthly bleeding;
• symptoms of anemia;
• infertility.

If a woman becomes pregnant, it still runs the risk of miscarriage. This is especially true when a large polyp. In this case, it exerts pressure on the fruit, due to the rejection of what can begin.

If adenomatous formation formed in the digestive system, the woman will feel pain, suffer from constipation. Polyposis colon bowel department requires immediate treatment, since degeneration can occur even faster under the influence of aggressive environment inside the body.

Types of adenomatous polyps

Though polypous formation in the womb or in the intestine - benign tumors, a high risk of degeneration into a malignant tumor. The pathological process in reproductive organ tissues can lead to changes in cell structure and further uncontrolled growth. That is why the risk of cancer is so high.

There are several types of adenomatous tumors of this type:

• Tubular adenoma;
• tubular-villous;
• villous.

Should consider each type separately formations.

tubular adenoma

Adenomatous formation of this type of uterus differently called glandular. Neoplasm is composed of multiple processes plexus glandular structures. This form of pathology is diagnosed more often in women.

Tubular-villous adenoma

Formation in the colon or endometrial tissue of the uterus consists of two types of cells:

• glandular;
• villous.

This can affect the size of the polyps. Although this type of pathology is diagnosed infrequently, neoplasms may be up to 3 cm in diameter.

villous adenoma

Such a polyp within the gastrointestinal tract characterized by a complete lack of legs or small size. The examination can be distinguished by its special structure. In appearance the surface formation resembles cauliflower florets.

If the tumor is localized in the rectum, complications develop. The person experiences pain during bowel movements and bleeding are possible.

Compatible with pregnancy

Most women tend to experience the joy of motherhood. When put this diagnosis, there is concern about whether you can get pregnant, as the mother's illness affect the fetus and during gestation.

Fears of health professionals in relation to the type of adenomatous polyps along with pregnancy are associated with the following factors:

• the possibility of sperm to move within the female genital tract to meet the egg;
• unimpeded fertilization process;
• safety gestation period.

Been little research on how the proceeds pregnancy in women with adenomatous polyps. This tumor can cover a large area in the uterus, which is why a growing fetus is not enough space for proper placement. In the process of increase in the size of the child may take the wrong position. All this can provoke a miscarriage.

If the operation is carried out by removal of polypoid formationIt may be temporarily impaired ability to stretch the uterus, which also causes complications in pregnancy. Sometimes it takes time to recover. It is important to consider the nature of the disease, the period between the intervention and planning pregnancy.

There are no precise data about what the disease is primary infertility or polyposis. More likely is the assumption that the large size formations prevent the meeting of sperm and egg. Even if conception has occurred, the polyp is able to trigger uterine contractions and cause miscarriage.

If you were treated in the pathology of the digestive system, pregnancy it can not influence directly. But amid the surgeries on the rectum, or other parts of the bowel are often carried out by means of antibacterial therapy that may impose restrictions on the carrying of.

Issues related to treatment and future planning of pregnancy, it is imperative to discuss with your doctor. The only way to avoid the complications and adverse effects.

disease treatment

Women who after eliminating abnormal growths are planning to have children, is treated by resection of entities under the control of the hysteroscope. Small cut formation to the basal level of tissues, then scraping is performed.

A biopsy of endometrial polyps are usually not carried out. The material was subjected to histological examination after removal. If the formation of large size, their twisting is performed, and the base is cauterized with electrocautery means.

Since abnormal growths tend to degenerate, always used such surgical techniques that allow you to keep the body formation. The only way to diagnose cancer of the initial stage.

After removal of polyps is carried medication. Such therapy is needed to restore a woman's body and prevent relapse. Apply anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs.

When choosing a treatment method take into account the location of polyps and severity of disease. At the risk of neoplastic transformation process could affect the presence of concomitant infections and inflammatory diseases of uterus and ovary tissues.

If after removing the polyp tumor grew again, your doctor may suggest a radical surgery for complete removal of the uterus. Such operations are carried out more often in women during menopause. At a young age used more sparing technique, but choosing between the preservation of reproductive function and life, the doctor will stop the second.

Sometimes only an extensive surgical intervention can prevent the degeneration of polyps into cancer and tumor metastasis in other organs. There is no formulaic situations. In each case requires a complete diagnosis.

If a woman is attentive to their health, it has more chances to observe violations of the initial stages of the disease. Adequate treatment to protect against heavy impacts and oncological diseases.