Polypectomy cervical canal: what it is, how it's performed

When sprouting polyps in the reproductive organs resort to their removal. This is due to the fact that the tumor later time may degenerate into a malignant tumor. Polypectomy conducted cervix, vagina or uterus can in several ways. The choice of technique is carried out taking into account the variety of build-up, and clinical features.

The main types of

There are several types of polyps of the cervical canal. Regardless of the type of build-up during hysteroscopic polypectomy performed. This is due to the fact that there is a risk of developing cancer in the absence of proper treatment.

Glandular

During the development of cervical mucous formed body disease neoplasms having glandular structure. It is soft and flexible enough, small polyps rarely transforming into malignant tumors. They frequently grow in the cervical canal, but can affect layers and endometrium. Often glandular endometrial polyp common in women of childbearing age.

Fibrous

The basis of the buildup structure is fibrous stroma. Glandular cells neoplasm in a minor amount noted. The growth of these polyps on the mucous membrane of the cervical canal is most often noted during menopause and menopause.

pathology danger lies in the fact that there is a fairly high risk of developing cervical cancer.

Glandular-fibrous

Neoplasms fibrous and glandular structure. It is large enough to stem growths, sprawling in the area of ​​the cervical canal. Glandular-fibrous polipp can reach up to 2.5 cm. Against the background of this disease is often marked necrosis, inflammation and circulatory problems. The risk of malignancy is high enough.

Causes

There are several factors causing the development of cervical abnormalities. Among the main ones are the following:

• hormonal changes during childbearing, lactation, puberty, menopause, and menopause;
• body injury from carrying out abortive events or scraping;
• infectious diseases of the genitourinary system;
• violation of the microflora of the vagina;
• presence of inflammatory process in appendages, cervical or genital organs.

Upon detection of nodules held hysteroresectoscopy and uterine polyp polypectomy.

symptoms

Often in the formation of polyps no clinical manifestations observed. Unable to detect them during the passage of a planned inspection at the gynecologist. Nevertheless, the following changes can be observed in the body:

• appearance yellow mucous secretion, indicating inflammatory processes in the urogenital region;
• brown spotting after sex;
• acyclic uterine discharge;
• aching pain in the lower back and abdomen.

Diagnostics

In order to detect the formation is carried out at the gynecological examination chair. In addition, ultrasound is performed, in the course of which clearly visualized growths with the vascular pedicle.

Informative diagnostic method also is hysteroscopy method. In this case, the authority introduced a special instrument - hysteroscope fitted with a video camera. Image multiplied and transmitted to the monitor screen. If necessary education excised and immediately sent to the histology lab.

removal

There are several methods excision of polyps. Among the main ones are the following:

1. Hysteroscopic polypectomy. Excision is performed using a hysteroscope. The advantage of this method is that all manipulations are manufactured under careful visual inspection.
2. Laser polypectomy. Leg tumors excised by the laser. In this case, once the vessels are coagulated and thereby the risk of the onset of bleeding is minimized. This method is used to remove large and small polyps.
3. Cryodestruction. Under the influence of the liquid nitrogen frozen tissue affected and immediately extracted. The method is less traumatic and is suitable for the removal of tumors of small size. tissue scarring after surgery occurs.
4. Diatermoekstsiziya. The base is destroyed by a build-up loop, through which the current flows. By application of this method in the case of resorting cervical dysplasia or deformation. In this case, there is a risk of erosion, and the beginning of adhesions.
5. Radio wave method. In the apparatus "Surgitron" is used during surgery. The electrode while in contact with the stem formation, and pathogenic cells are destroyed.

Surgical procedures are performed under general anesthesia. If the buildup is large, surgery is performed under general anesthesia. Small polyps are removed under local anesthesia. The procedure takes place in several stages:

1. The woman is on the gynecological chair. The walls of the organ apart with special extenders.
2. The cervical canal is administered hysteroscope.
3. Polyp unscrewed and thus completely removed. If the fabric is rendered thicker leg of education, it is also excised. Multiple growths are cut out completely.
4. In the next stage, surgical curettage. In this case, the body is completely cleansed of mucous membranes. For this purpose a curette. Through such manipulations risk of recurrence is minimized.
5. The excised tissue and polyp itself sent to histological laboratory. Conducting this analysis is necessary to determine whether a polyp is cancerous. The findings come after a week and a half.

In the postoperative period is assigned to the reception of antibiotics, analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Such measures are necessary in order to prevent penetration of the infection into the body and the beginning of the inflammatory process.

Furthermore, resort to the use of hormonal drugs. Duration of reception vary from three to six months. During the first month after the operation the woman must adhere to the following guidelines:

• to refuse to take baths, steam baths, saunas and swimming pools. only a shower can be taken during this period;
• not ignore the rules of personal hygiene;
• do not lift weights and avoid excessive physical exertion;
• exclude intimacy;
• do not use tampons.

complications

The most common consequence of surgery is considered to be the re-growth of polyps. Regardless of the method of surgery is not an absolute guarantee that there will not relapse. tumors recur frequently.

Also, after excision of the build-up sometimes develop the following complications:

1. Tissue scarring and adhesions. Due to the frequent removal formations are replaced epithelial connective tissue. In this case, the cervical canal is narrowed, there are problems with conception. It is possible even infertility.
2. Penetration of infection. The immune system is weakened during this period, the body is unable to withstand a variety of pathogens.
3. The risk of developing a malignant tumor. With incomplete removal of formation cells can begin to grow rapidly and degenerate into a malignant tumor.
4. Bleeding and discharge mixed with blood. Their appearance is due to organ damage walls. Often when this operation is conducted repeatedly.
5. Allergy and swelling. Eliminate such effects possible to use the preparations possessing antihistaminic activity.
6. Hematometra. In the cervical region is marked spasm, for this reason, from the cavity reproductive organ does not leave blood. Status is extremely dangerous. Its main symptom is the absence of bleeding after removing polyps. Furthermore, there may appear pain in the abdomen.

Normally, after the operation for several days observed bleeding from the vagina and pulling pain in the abdomen. The emergence of such symptoms should not cause concern.

Removal of polyps - it's the only way to get rid of the tumors. Have resorted to this method of treatment due to the fact that there is a risk of degeneration of tissues in malignant tumors. There are several ways to carry out the operation. The choice of technique is exclusively a physician taking into account the extent of lesions and clinical features.