Fibrous glandular endometrial polyp: what it is, especially after the removal treatment

When a woman visiting doctor, learns that her reproductive system inside formed a polyp, it often does not know how to react to this news. What is fibrous glandular endometrial polyp and how to deal with it, not everyone knows.

This pathology requires treatment because its signs and ignoring the absence of therapy in some cases lead to excessive bleeding, infertility and cancer lesions.

symptoms

These growths can occur both in the singular or in groups. Endometrial polyps forming glandular and connective cells, it occurs on the surface of the endometrium. The pathology affects both young women of reproductive age, and women who have experienced menopause.

The symptoms are not immediately, but as glandular-fibrous polyp grows, it start to accompany some of the manifestations:

• of bleeding during menstruation is not;
• abdominal pain, most often during sex;
• projecting the blood after mating;
• violation of the menstruation (go very abundant).

By itself, the build-up of the endometrium is not a threat to health, but it is able to transform into a cancer pathology at any time. This probability is not high, but there is. And in order to eliminate it, you need treatment.

Causes of

Doctors are not unanimous in their opinion about the causes of disease, glandular-fibrous nature. But most of them agree that the formation of polyps in the uterus, a combination of two or more factors causing illness:

1. Inflammation and infection in the chronic form affecting the endometrium and appendages. This often leads to poor circulation in the endometrium and creates a favorable environment for the growth of tumors.
2. Heredity. If a mother or grandmother suffered from this disease, the woman is at risk.
3. Hormonal disbalance. When disturbed the work of the ovaries, they synthesize more than estrogen in the body and there is a lack of progesterone, which leads to endometrial pathology.
4. Diseases of the endocrine.
5. Overweight.
6. Diabetes.
7. Metabolic disease.
8. Long-term use of hormonal drugs.
9. Abortion and other endometrial injury.
10. Intrauterine device as a means of contraception.
11. Frequent stress.
12. A weakened immune system.
13. Miscarriages.

In addition, if postpartum women in the uterus were particles of the placenta, then later they can form endometrial polyp.

Often, the appearance of tumors after prolonged use causes Tamoxifen - drug action which is aimed at combating cancer tumors in mammary glands.

Development during menopause

When menopause in a woman's body there is a serious hormonal changes that can cause the emergence and growth of the glandular character neoplasms. They may appear on the mucous membranes of all hollow organs. But the climax of the polyps was attacking the endometrium lining the uterus.

After removing the build-up doctor prescribes a drug therapy based on the individual characteristics of the female organism. In this situation, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the polyp and then, which is dominated by the hormones in the body. It is necessary for a speedy recovery, and to prevent the emergence of new benign.

During pregnancy

If a child is planned in advance, even before conception should be screened for the presence of abnormalities of the reproductive organs and undergo treatment. But it often happens that the pregnancy is unexpected or polyp arose after fertilization under the influence of hormonal changes.

In this case, the gynecologist should observe the dynamics. If polyp during pregnancy does not increase, not worried about the future mother and the baby, it is not dangerous. It can be removed after delivery.

Measures need to take when there are warning signs:

1. Actively build-up increases in size and provokes inflammation of the endometrium.
2. There bleeding from the vagina.
3. Pathology grows in the cervical canal.

When you see such dangerous symptoms following measures:

• surgical removal (in extreme cases);
• the use of hormonal agents (e.g. Duphaston with polyp);
• antibiotics in the presence of inflammation.

Doctors try to avoid surgery during pregnancy, if possible. They are recommended for women:

• minimize physical activity;
• refuse sex life until the end of pregnancy;
• more often than usual to do ultrasound to watch for new growth dynamics.

But there are situations when you can not avoid surgery. A woman will have to operate if:

• endometrial outgrowth value greater than 1 cm;
• the tumor is actively growing - more than 0.2 cm per month;
• there is a risk of infection of the child;
• there is a suspicion that the pathology of malignant;
• there polypous sprawl;
• there is considerable bleeding, threatening the course of pregnancy.

Operations are conducted in the period, the most secure to the threat of carrying the baby - from 16 th to 28 th week of pregnancy. However, in case of an emergency intervention is carried out in any period of gestation.

The main types of

Endometrium, that is the soil from which grows a polyp, consists of two main layers - the basal and functional.

The functional layer under the action of hormones each month is torn away together with the menstrual blood. He grows every month and updated with the basal cell layer. At the place of formation of iron-fibrous polyps are functional or basal type. Determine the structure of a violation of any of the layers occurred, it can only be provided by the histology of tumors after curettage.

Glandular endometrial polyp basal type

Outgrowth is held on a thin stem and is provided with a large number of vessels. Inside, it consists of connective tissue, called the stroma. In this kind of education there are the beginnings of the muscle fibers, and prostate are distributed in a chaotic manner.

True glandular tissue outgrowths present in the uterine cavity, does not respond to hormones. Therefore, the presence of a polyp has nothing to do with hormonal surges or cyclical.

Among the basal glandular polyps secrete:

1. Apathetic. It consists of neutral basal cell layer.
2. Hyperplastic. Mainly composed of connective tissue.
3. Proliferative. Are likely to develop into inflammation.

Glandular outgrowth functional type

Glandular fibrotic endometrial polyp functional type - is the result of a pathological growths functional uterine mucosa layer glands.

Such tumors respond to the effects of sex hormones, and they are called glandular polyps of the first type. The development of this disease is often associated with hyperplasia. Composed of glandular tissue of such polyps are more inclined to degenerate into cancer.

These diseases are often accompanied by symptoms such as:

• intensive menstruation;
• allocation of blood in the middle of the cycle;
• pain in the abdomen;
• yellow or green mucus discharge from the vagina.

Such manifestations of the disease should not be ignored. After all, the faster to capture the disease, the easier to get rid of it.

basal type

Glandular fibrotic polyps grown from the basal layer of the endometrium, a glandular or have cystic glandular structure. Some of them are able to regenerate in oncology.

These growths can appear due to placenta residues within the female reproductive organs after childbirth or abortion. In such circumstances formed placental type buildup.

Formation is removed together with the foot. Polyps eliminate small quantities as a needle electrode. And those that more than 1 cm, is removed via loop-shaped unit. Biomaterial sent for histology to rule out cancer.

After the elimination of tumors in order to avoid complications the doctor prescribes medication. It can include antibiotics, antivirals, antiinflammatory and antifungal agents. All treatment is individually and depends on the co-factors found in the female reproductive system.

Retrogressive version glandular fibrotic lesions of the endometrium

This type of neoplasm appears on uterine mucosa usually at menopause. Usually it reaches the large size (about 3 cm). The older the woman, the more she was concerned about the symptoms.

Most often, such growths are removed by scraping with a further histology. This is because the abnormal tissue cells begin to acquire the properties of a malignant tumor.

The danger of the polyp

If by the time it does not get rid of, there may be a variety of serious consequences:

1. Menstrual disorders. As a result, hormonal disorders associated with the formation of polyps, menses failure occurs. Monthly become painful, irregular, thus there is a large loss of blood. In addition to the unpleasant symptoms, the woman begins to suffer from anemia. And this in turn leads to poor health and decreased immunity.
2. Infertility. If polyps blocking the cervical canal, the girl can not get pregnant. Also, they often impede the full mount of a fertilized egg to the uterine wall. A woman is able to conceive, if the tumor has appeared recently, but with the development chances of becoming infertile pathology increases. In 25% of women who can not have children, they were detected polyps.
3. Miscarriages. Deformed endometrium growths in some cases not able to hold the growing fetus. In this pathology causes bleeding that lead to placental abruption, which is extremely negative impact on the development of the baby.
4. Missed abortion.
5. The deterioration of the quality of sexual life. When the expanded polyp woman often experiences pain during intimacy and after it. Accordingly, it loses interest in sex and looking for an excuse to avoid the pain.
6. The degeneration into a malignant tumor. In this case there is a threat to the life of the woman.

Glandular growths functional type tend to grow, and next to one another can be formed more. So do not wait, when there will be more polyps, you should try to get rid of them.

Diagnostics

To detect thickening of the endometrium, there are a number of ways:

1. US. This procedure is harmless and painless, it allows time to identify any changes in the glands of the mucous membrane. Additionally, you can know the status of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.
2. Gisterosonografiya. This more detailed method of ultrasound, wherein the saline injected into the uterus.
3. Hysteroscopy. This procedure is more informative than the ultrasound diagnosis. It is usually carried out together with curettage. At the same time can make even a biopsy, if there is a suspicion of cervical oncology.
4. Colposcopy and cervicoscopy. By optical or video unit - colposcope or hysteroscope with a video camera - you can find any pathology of endometrial surface.
5. Uterography. Changes detected by X-ray. If you use the procedure is virtually harmless to-date equipment.
6. Examination in the gynecological chair. If the tumors are close to the cervix, they may notice a gynecologist at a scheduled inspection. On palpation also felt focal thickening of the neck.
7. Laboratory research. These include: a smear on flora, bakposev from the cervical canal, tests for STIs. Since the disease can cause the appearance of polyps, such analyzes to hand over necessary.

Treatment

The most effective and efficient way of dealing with the disease - surgery. Often polyps removed using the method of hysteroscopy. It lies in the elimination of pathology and take it for analysis at a time. This is necessary to rule out the presence of cancer cells. When this method is scraped a neoplasm acute curette and the place where it is located, or cauterize nitrogen current. Such an intervention is performed under general anesthesia. During the next week the woman comes out of the vagina Spotting secret.

To avoid infection, prescribed a course of antibiotics. After surgery, hormone therapy is used. In addition, to avoid the accumulation of blood in the uterus, prescribe antispasmodics, by which normal blood circulation in the pelvis and tested postoperative neck spasms.

Along with it, a woman prescribed multivitamin. They help increase the body's immunity and resistance to external factors, it is very important after surgery.

To less sick, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle, often spending free time Nature, not to be nervous, and of course, do not forget to go on a scheduled scan to the gynecologist at least once in year.