Persistent expansion of the esophagus and jugular veins of phlebectasia

Phlebectasia is an vein dilatation due to the dysfunction of the operation of the venous valves, the dropping of deep veins into the superficial veins , or any other violation of the outflow of blood from the superficial veins due to scarring or tumors.

Such a circulatory disturbance leads to an expansion of the superficial veins.

There are various forms of pathology: dilated veins of lower limbs( varicose), rectum( hemorrhoids), esophagus, jugular vein.

Flebektaziya jugular vein

The jugular vein is a few pairs of veins located in the neck and carrying blood from the brain and neck. There is a pair of internal jugular veins, an external vein( includes the posterior ear vein, occipital and suprapatum) and the anterior vein.

Causes of

The expansion of the jugular vein can occur in both adults and children.

Causes of this disease can be stagnation of blood in trauma, prolonged sitting, the presence of heart failure.

Cancer( leukemia, kidney cancer) and chemotherapeutic treatment of oncology can also serve as provoking factors.

Symptoms of the disease

Often, the expansion of the jugular veins can be asymptomatic.

Some have a hoarse voice, pain in the neck, shortness of breath. A distinctive symptom is a noticeable swelling on the neck. Depending on the type of jugular vein, the swelling may be different.

With the expansion of the external vein, there are small round formations, for the inner vein, a spindle-shaped formation is characteristic.

Diagnostic techniques

For an accurate diagnosis of phlebectasis of the internal jugular vein( in the wake) several studies are carried out.

Namely: ultrasound, phlebography, puncture, duplex scanning and others, allowing to present a clear picture of the circulatory system in the neck, back of the neck and shoulders.

Treatment procedures

Because this disease is very rare, first of all, in the absence of acute form, the patient is simply observed.

It is recommended to avoid stress, prescribe specific drugs to eliminate unpleasant accompanying symptoms. After diagnosis and determination of the expediency of the surgical intervention, the enlarged vein is removed surgically.

Possible complications of

In extremely rare cases, the expansion of the jugular vein can be so strong and large that it threatens to rupture, heavy bleeding and subsequent death.

Esophageal dilatation of the esophagus

When the blood pressure in the portal vein exceeds the norm several times for a long time, esophageal phlebectasia begins. In this case, the outflow of blood is disturbed, the veins accumulate it, change its size and shape.

What causes

As with any venous expansion, the expansion of the vessels of the esophagus arises from the stagnation of the blood circulation, the increase in the viscosity of the blood.

Very often esophageal phlebectasia occurs in parallel or after some other disease, for example: cirrhosis, echinococcosis, amyloidosis, sclerosis, stenosis or thrombosis.

There are cases of congenital varicose veins of the esophagus, this is due to dysfunction of the heart.

Symptoms of pathology

At the initial stages of the development of the disease, the patient may have regular, mild bleeding.

They lead to iron deficiency anemia, hypotension, weight loss, weakened immunity, hypodynamia and weakness. A vivid sign of internal bleeding, in this case, is a dark stool.

In more severe cases, the patient begins bloody vomiting. Some complain of a regular eructation, heartburn, pain in the epigastric region and behind the breastbone.

On the visual side, the patient's abdomen is enlarged, because of the large amount of fluid( ascites), the enlarged veins located on the surface become visible.

Diagnosis

In addition to the standard complaints of the patient, to determine the diagnosis, the doctor can prescribe fibro-esophagoscopy, which will check the degree of dilatation of the veins, the state of the vessels, the presence of erosive-ulcerative lesions and reveal the real cause of bleeding.

X-ray contrast can also be used.

What methods of treatment exist for

? First of all, by the medicamental method, they begin to reduce pressure in the portal system. With the help of astringents and antacids, the prevention or treatment of peptic esophagitis is carried out.

The next step is to remove the enlarged vein by shunting or obliteration. In extreme cases, perform a surgical removal.

An important part of the treatment is the elimination of the cause of phlebectasia, to reduce the likelihood of subsequent expansion of one of the esophagus veins.

It is recommended to avoid physical exertion, a strict diet is prescribed, excluding hot, spicy, acidic and large-caliber food.

The most dangerous disease is

Conclusions

Most often, phlebectasia manifests itself as varicose veins. All other forms of the disease are quite rare. That in turn bears a certain negative imprint on diagnosis and treatment.

In the initial stages of the disease, when it develops slowly, the patient may even not notice abnormalities.

Light pain, belching, dark stool may or may not be noticed, or be written off to other factors. In this condition, you can stay long enough until you notice swelling on your abdomen and some symptoms will not worsen.

Therefore, in order to avoid unpleasant surprises, those who have provoking factors( heart failure, a violation in the system of blood circulation, sclerosis, thrombosis, etc.) should be regularly monitored by the treating doctor .

In any other case, if there are signs of internal bleeding, unreasonable and regular abdominal pain, it is necessary to immediately check and, if necessary, undergo a series of examinations to discover the causes of these symptoms.

Perhaps this is something more dangerous than phlebectasia, so do not postpone the trip to the doctor in the long box.