As a rule, menarche (first menstruation) appear among girls 11-13 years old. In some cases, this is an important event occurs at an earlier or later period. Naturally, caring parents begin to worry when a teenager of 14 years, no monthly. Not immediately understand what are the causes of this phenomenon, and when you need to seek the help of a gynecologist.
Content
- What factors influence the course of prepubertal
- At what age are diagnosed with primary amenorrhea
-
The causes of primary amenorrhea, delayed pubertal development
- Malformations of the gonads
- Malformations of the central nervous system chain
-
The causes of primary amenorrhea without mental retardation
- Ginatreziya
- ametria
- Diagnosing the cause of a specialist
What factors influence the course of prepubertal
Wondering why the girls no periods in 14 years, should not immediately panic. Hormonal disruptions in adolescence and delayed sexual development can occur under the influence of various factors. Among the main ones are the following:
- excessive or insufficient physical activity;
- genetic predisposition;
- diseases of the urogenital system;
- emotional instability;
- climatic conditions;
- transferred in early childhood illness;
- Features of physical development.
In some cases, it is considered the norm in some - pathology. In any case, do not be amiss to obtain additional expert advice.
At what age are diagnosed with primary amenorrhea
Diagnosis "amenorrhea" means the absence of menses in women.
Primary amenorrhea is put, if a girl is no monthly in 14 years, while others do not appear signs of puberty: the appearance of pubic hair and armpits, increase in breast glands.
If the secondary signs of puberty in adolescents appeared, but do not start menstruating before the age of sixteen, delay menstruation is also considered of primary amenorrhea.
The causes of primary amenorrhea, delayed pubertal development
Such a diagnosis is girls who have to fourteen years no signs of puberty and menarche did not appear. The reasons for the delay menstruation in adolescents and deceleration of the body at the same time may be different.
Malformations of the gonads
Absence of menstrual periods in girls 14 years old or 15, often caused by malformations of the gonads, namely:
- Svayera syndrome;
- gonadal dysgenesis;
- testicular feminization syndrome.
Amenorrhea in this case is caused by chromosomal changes, as a result of which there is underdevelopment of the gonads.
One-third of women suffering from primary amenorrhea with the CRA, the inhibition caused by the development of gonadal dysgenesis, in which the fabric is required for the normal functioning of hormones, no.
This pathology can occur in several forms:
- mixed;
- erased;
- typical;
- net.
In this case there are defects such as atrophy of the mucous membranes of the vulva and vagina, and genital infantilism underdevelopment of the breast.
Malformations of the central nervous system chain
Developmental delay and lack of menstruation in adolescents 15 years of age can be caused by malformations in the central nervous system chain, affecting the pituitary gland, such as:
- swelling;
- thrombosis or tissue necrosis;
- injury of the pituitary stalk.
As a result, the ovaries fail to produce the proper amount of estrogen - and critical days do not come.
The causes of primary amenorrhea without mental retardation
If there is no delay in the development of primary amenorrhea is triggered by malformations of sexual organs. Against this background, there is no menstrual blood reaches the age of sixteen girl.
Ginatreziya
Ginatreziya - a violation of patency in the area of the cervix, vagina or hymen. This disturbed menstrual outflow. Secretions accumulate inside the reproductive system and stretch the reproductive organ, the vagina and the pipe.
Monthly girls appear unbearable pain in the lower abdomen, but do not go monthly.
Initially, it is a nagging pain, which intensified after a while, it becomes acute and episodic. In addition, there are irregularities in the bowel and bladder, nausea and dizziness.
ametria
This pathology, in which the reproductive organ underdeveloped or has abnormal form. In most cases the disease in adolescence are asymptomatic. It is possible to find only in the pelvic ultrasound. The girls are actively developing, have increased mammary glands, hair grows in the armpits and pubic hair. They complain only in the absence of menstrual periods in 16 years.
Diagnosing the cause of a specialist
When asked what to do if a teenager under 14 years old do not appear menarche, the answer is the same: you need to seek help from a gynecologist. First of all, the doctor will collect medical history and will examine the girl. After that it will need to resort to additional diagnostic procedures.
To make a diagnosis, be sure to do ultrasound of the pelvis. Due to this it is possible to identify such violations:
- ovarian dysfunction;
- polycystic syndrome;
- changes in the endometrium;
- infantilism.
Primary amenorrhea often caused by hormonal disorders. That's why screening is carried out on the next stage.
With it, the doctor receives information about the level of these hormones in the blood, such as:
- LH;
- FSH;
- testosterone;
- prolactin;
- progesterone.
In some cases, an additional need:
- hysteroscopy;
- MRI;
- laparoscopy;
- consultation of the neurologist;
- karyotype examination.
Only after a comprehensive diagnosis of the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis.
appearance menarche - an important point for the girls. If they for some reason delayed, the adolescents and their parents, it raises some concerns. Indeed, in some cases, lack of spotting may indicate serious problems in the body. Often delayed menstruation caused by stress, change of climate conditions and the characteristics of physiology, but to determine why not come to the critical days, can only be a doctor. Do not leave without attention to such violations.