Ovarian cystectomy: indications, preparation, methods of, rehabilitation

Ovarian cystectomy - a minimally invasive surgery, during which you are removing an ovarian cyst. In conducting such operation are sometimes prescribed ovary resection - removing a part thereof, however, such procedure is undesirable for younger patients, however resection often not carried out. To learn more about cystectomy is recommended to take cognizance of statements, preparation of rules, as well as contraindications to surgery.

Indications to Step

The most common reason for which is held ovarian cystectomy, the woman is the inability to get pregnant. Cyst removal ensures complete recovery of reproductive capacity, so many patients agree to surgery without resection. Indications for minimally invasive intervention are:

• the presence of the right or left ovarian cyst;
• endometrioid ovarian lesions;
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• skleropolikistoz;
• detection of other tumor-like formations on the ovaries;
• purulent and inflammatory processes in the ovaries.

Before removing a number of diagnostic procedures performed, the main terms of which are detection movable, displaceable small cysts, as well as its structure is homogeneous and smooth surface.

Contraindications

Despite the sufficient efficacy of ovarian cystectomy, a procedure has a number of contraindications. If the body contains malignant processes, the operation is prohibited conduct.

Warning! When cyst size greater than 10 cm, the operation is not performed.

Contraindications for ovarian cystectomy:

• stroke, or a history of heart attack;
• lung disease;
• diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
• infectious diseases;
• obesity;
• peritonitis;
• problems with blood clotting.

Gynecologists does not recommend ovarian cystectomy over the age of 50 years. Subject to all rules of preparation and conduct of the operation, the recovery period will take place easily and without complications.

Training

Before the surgery the doctor tells the patient necessarily as cystectomy will occur. One of the most important steps is to prepare for the procedure. It includes the following provisions:

1. Specimen collection.
2. Giving up smoking and alcohol, not later than 10 days prior to cystectomy ovary.
3. Adherence to recommended nutritional guidelines.
4. Discontinuation modifying blood density.

Many women are interested in, what tests you need to pass before cystectomy. To begin, the patient need to undergo a series of doctors:

• cardiologist;
• anesthesiologist;
• neurologist;
• therapist.

Last gives an opinion on the health of women and aims at cystectomy.

From laboratory tests prescribed:

• general analysis of blood and urine;
• blood chemistry;
• check blood sugar.

Also need blood tests for clotting. You must do a cardiogram, and chest X-rays. Under normal terms the patient comes to the operation at the scheduled time.

Features of the operation

Depending on the type of ovarian cystectomy, there are two kinds of it: laparoscopic cystectomy and laparotomy. The difference is that laparotomy is a full abdominal surgery, while a laparoscopy is performed through small punctures.

Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy

Ovarian cystectomy carried out in this manner is advanced and gentle method of removing cysts 2-3 puncture in the abdomen. Surgery is performed on such algorithm:

1. The surgeon makes three puncture on his stomach - one above the navel, its size does not exceed 10 mm in diameter, and the other two - the sides, their size is not more than 5 mm.
2. Through the first puncture of the tube is inserted with the sensor at the end - it allows you to broadcast what is happening on the monitor.
3. After the second puncture injected carbon dioxide - it expands and pushes space uterus.
4. Through the third hole cutting tool is introduced, which dissected the body of cysts.
5. The surgeon fixes the ovary in a certain position and starts cysts husking.
6. The internals of the cyst is removed and sent for analysis.
7. The edges of the ovary electrocoagulator cauterize and sew punctures on his stomach.

The obvious advantage of this procedure - no seams and cosmetic defects in the stomach. Laparoscopy allows to avoid adhesions, the recovery period is easier. For more information about laparoscopy can be learned from the video:

laparotomy cystectomy

The whole series of events with ovarian cystectomy by laparotomy is the same as in the case with laparoscopy. The main difference is that the surgeon does not make punctures, and cuts the area of ​​the abdomen lengthwise. It is therefore considered to be a full laparotomy surgery.

Warning! If during the operation start bleeding vessels, Dr. electrocoagulator cauterize them.

Advantage of this method is the ability to remove large size of ovarian cysts. Many women do not dare to such an event because of the unaesthetic seam in the lower abdomen and the complexities of the recovery period.

possible complications

After ovarian cystectomy complications rarely occur. The main reasons are the dangers of incorrectly executed operation and non-compliance with the recovery period. Possible complications include:

• damage to nearby organs during surgery - intestine, bladder;
• vascular injury;
• allergy to anesthesia;
• cardiovascular pathology.

Weakening of the body after surgery is dangerous because you can pick up an infection.

Attention! When symptoms such as fever, severe abdominal pain, redness of joints, severe weakness and secretions must immediately inform your doctor.

Recovery after surgery

Rehabilitation after ovarian cystectomy involves providing the patient rest. The basic rules that must be followed:

• a woman must stay a few days in the hospital under medical supervision;
• if there are no complications, the statement has been going for 4-5 days after the intervention;
• appointed rehabilitation exercise course;
• within a month it is necessary to give up heavy loads and maintain sexual activity;
• It is encouraged to maintain a moderately active lifestyle to prevent the development of adhesions;
• You can return after 6 weeks after laparotomy for an active life.

pregnancy planning for women of reproductive age are allowed on the expiry of 3 months after cystectomy ovary.

Forecast

Since cystectomy performed without resection of the ovary, the woman is still possible to get pregnant. As already mentioned, plan conception is better to skip 2-3 menstrual cycles. In general, the positive forecasts of pregnancy, however, if a woman for a long time after the operation can not become pregnant, she should seek help from fertility clinic.

conclusion

Ovarian cystectomy is performed only when indicated. If you follow all the rules of preparation and conduct of the operation, the recovery period will take place quickly and easily. Further measures for the rehabilitation shall appoint the attending doctor, in this case after some time, the patient should see a doctor for a routine examination.