Symptoms and treatment of cervical inflammation

Gynecologists emphasize that in the structure of diseases of female genital inflammation of the cervix has a leading position. According to statistics, an inflammation that affects the cervix, is typical for representatives of reproductive age.

inflammation of the cervix is ​​not life threatening. Nevertheless, ignoring the symptoms and the absence of adequate treatment of inflammation is fraught with serious complications and long-term consequences.

Inflammation that develops in the cervical area, usually occurs in conjunction with other gynecological pathologies. For example, more than half of the cases of cervical inflammation combined with ectopia. In addition, these diseases of the cervix as vulvovaginitis and coleitis often accompanied by inflammation.

inflammation of the cervix called cervicitis gynecologists.

Anatomically, the cervix is ​​considered a continuation of the lower part of the uterus. This kind of muscular tube having a length and a width of about two to four and a half centimeters, respectively. On examination, the gynecologist is only visible to the vaginal part of the cervix, cells lined with stratified squamous epithelium. This type of epithelium characterized pale-pink color and the smoothness of its surface.

The cervix connects the uterine cavity and vagina. This compound provides inside the cervix the cervical canal. the cervix is ​​called a barrier to the penetration of infection into the uterus, tubes and ovaries. The protective function is performed by the cervical canal, wherein the anatomical narrowness and the production of mucus.

However, when exposed to adverse factors on the female body, in particular, the reproductive system, the delicate balance is disturbed. The cervical canal gets pathogenic microflora, which causes inflammation of the cervix.

species

Experts identify several types of cervicitis, depending on the criterion which is the basis of this differentiation. In particular, if it is diagnosed inflammation of the vaginal portion of the cervix, say ekzotservitsita development. The defeat of the cervical canal, characterized by its inflammation, called endotservitsitah.

Typically, the detection of cervical inflammation doctor diagnoses "cervicitis" which implies defeat as the vaginal part of the uterus, and cervix. Inflammation, which began in the cervical specific area, thanks to anatomical features pretty quickly spread to other tissues and organs.

In general gynecologists distinguish two forms of cervical inflammation:

• acute;
• chronic.

The acute form is characterized by more severe clinical picture. In the absence of timely treatment, the inflammation becomes chronic process symptoms.

Especially the prevalence of symptoms of inflammation and cause the development of the following types of cervicitis:

• focal;
• diffuse.

When the focal character of inflammatory lesion affects a certain part of the cervix. Diffuse cervicitis is inflammation of the entire cervix.

As the inflammation of the cervix is ​​always caused by infectious agents, it is important to differentiate cervicitis as:

• specific;
• nonspecific.

For unspecific flora include opportunistic microorganisms, and to a particular - microbes mainly transmitted sexually.

Etiology

It is known that the basis of cervical inflammation can be identified infectious lesion. Under the influence of adverse factors on the cervix, it attacks the mucous variety of microorganisms that cause inflammation. This inflammation should be timely diagnosis and treatment to avoid dangerous complications.

Microflora can be differentiated both opportunistic and pathogenic. It is important to identify the causative agent of inflammation, since the treatment tactics of various infectious agents may differ significantly.

Opportunistic agents penetrate into the neck by the current lymph and blood. In some cases, there is their penetration of the rectum. To conditionally pathogenic flora include:

• streptococcus;
• Proteus;
• E. coli;
• aureus;
• klebsiellu;
• Candida fungi.

Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in small amounts may be present on the skin and mucous membranes. Under the influence of adverse factors observed data active growth of microorganisms that cause inflammation.

Specific flora is diverse enough. A feature of such agents is a sexual way of transmission. Pathogenic microflora includes:

• gonococcus;
• Trichomonas;
• chlamydia;
• pale treponemu.

inflammation of the cervix is ​​caused by numerous factors. Symptoms of cervical inflammation caused by the following factors:

• genital diseases, for example, erosion or colpitis;
• genital infections;
• nonspecific microflora;
• prolapse of the vagina, the cervix;
• weakened immunity;
• regular change of sexual partners;
• chaotic nature of the intimate life;
• certain endocrine diseases, including hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic disorders;
• disorder of ovarian function, which causes a hormonal imbalance and leads to changes in cervical tissue;
• age-related changes associated with hormonal changes before and after the menopause;
• frequent use of chemical spermicides;
• injuries of the cervical epithelium during childbirth, abortion, curettage;
• dysbiosis observed in the vagina.

Gynecologists emphasize that any symptoms of inflammation caused by a decrease in the body's defenses. When violations of the immune system in the cervical epithelium is influenced by many negative factors that can cause inflammation.

symptoms

Occurrence of symptoms associated with the fact, whether acute or chronic process. Of considerable importance is the specific causative agent. In some infections, the clinical picture can be deleted, while certain agents cause severe symptoms. Flow without symptoms characteristic of chlamydia.

After penetration of the mucosa, the pathogen causes intense production of mucus glands columnar epithelium. Then the loosening tissues. Thus, agents penetrate into the deeper layers, affecting the cervical portion adjacent to the vagina. However, in the cervical canal simultaneously observed healing process, which promotes the disappearance of symptoms. No symptoms in this case no evidence of recovery, and the transition of the disease in the chronic stage.

Acute injury characterized by the severity of symptoms. In acute course of disease may cause a number of symptoms.

• Profuse discharge. Bewley may mucous, pus, have a yellowish, greenish or brown hue. Often isolation also have an unpleasant odor. With concomitant release contact erosion appear.
• Discomfort genitals. Woman feels the itching, burning, sometimes aggravated by sexual intercourse and during sexual intercourse.
• Pain. Some pathogens cause extensive inflammatory process, leading to symptoms such as intense abdominal pain.
• micturition disorders. When the spread of infection in the urethra and bladder appears frequent painful urination.
• Temperature rise. The rise in body temperature to subfebrile and febrile characteristic numbers in case of adnexitis.

Symptoms of the cervical portion of the uterus worse after menses.

The presence of a particular pathogen causes certain symptoms that the doctor takes into account during the inspection of the mucosa. In herpetic lesions of the mucous red, friable and has expressions. Trichomoniasis has symptoms of bleeding during colposcopy. When Gardnerella discharge has a sharp smell of fish and gonococcal lesion accompanied by copious yellow-green discharge. Thrush, is described by the characteristic only for her cheesy discharge.

complications cervicitis

If endocervite ekzotservitsit or not treated promptly, the disease becomes chronic. Symptoms become less pronounced and periodically amplified. Over time, there are abundant mucus, is formed on the surface erosion of the squamous epithelium. If untreated ulcer heals incorrectly, which leads to the replacement of the squamous epithelium cylindrical. This ectopic occurrence of substitution means.

It is noteworthy that during the period of pregnancy and ekzotservitsit endocervite rarely detected. This is due to regular check-ups and timely treatment of pregnant women.

With the penetration of infection in the uterine cavity in the early stages, there may be infection of membranes. This leads to miscarriage or gross defects in development. If infection occurs at a later date, there is a risk of occurrence of various anomalies, fetal growth retardation, premature birth and complications of the postpartum period. During the passage through the birth canal, possibly infecting the child and the development of infectious diseases.

In general, if the symptoms are not treated promptly, the following complications may develop:

• a chronic course;
• the spread of infection on a rising path;
• bartholinitis occurrence;
• adnexitis appearance;
• cancer.

In order to avoid possible complications, you should promptly seek a specialist, do not ignore the symptoms, take timely examination and treatment of pathologies.

Diagnostics

In most cases, the pathology is detected in the chronic form. Sometimes a woman goes to a doctor for another reason, and during the inspection of the cervix gynecologist diagnosed cervicitis.

Gynecological examination of uterine cervix doctor visualizes the following symptoms:

• edema and hyperemia of tissues;
• erosion;
• abundant mucous or purulent that the chronic course may be in a minor amount;
• point mucosal hemorrhages;
• thinning of the mucosa.

Merely a pelvic exam is not sufficient for the diagnosis and rule out other pathologies. The patient was advised to undergo an examination, which may include:

• colposcopy, allowing to determine the structural changes, pseudo;
• Smear on the flora for the diagnosis of inflammation;
• Study on PCR detection of sexually transmitted infections;
• cytological diagnosis which is carried out in order to detect abnormal cells;
• bakposev to identify conditionally pathogen.

When symptoms of cancer alertnessand recommended a biopsy with subsequent histological examination in the laboratory. If necessary, appointed by pelvic ultrasound and urine with the concomitant cystitis.

Treatment

When the patient is recommended cervicitis complex treatment, which depends on the survey results. Treat inflammation of the cervix should by antiinflammatory, antibacterial agents, physical treatments, immunostimulatory agents. In the presence of pseudo-surgical treatment.

You must treat the infection, depending on the caller's pathogens.

1. In particular, the need to treat the fungal infection by antifungal drugs in the form of tablets, suppositories and ointments.
2. When chlamydia patient should be treated with antibiotics.
3. Atrophic cervicitis should be treated with candles, which include hormones.
4. The most difficult to treat viral tissue damage. To treat HPV and herpes doctor prescribes antiviral and immunomodulating medications, vitamins.

Treat genital infections should both partners. This will help avoid the recurrence of cervical inflammation.

In some cases, it requires the use of medicines in the form of local treatment. To treat inflammation, it is possible to use a solution Dimexidum, hlorfillipta, manganese, chlorhexidine, soda and boric acid. When the treatment is often used antimicrobial candles, for example, Terzhinan or Betadine.

After primary treatment conducted recommended reception preparations restoring normal vaginal microflora. Duration of use of such means is about two weeks.

Curing may also be chronic hearth by means of physiotherapy. The patient is assigned UHF or ultraviolet irradiation, SMC, vaginal laser, electrophoresis using magnesium. When calming the inflammation can be used mud tampons.