Adnexitis: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Under the influence of streptococci, gonococci, staphylococcus and other pathogenic microorganisms can develop in women adnexitis (oophoritis). So called inflammatory process that affects the fallopian tubes and ovaries. But the influence of pathogenic organisms - is not the only cause of adnexitis in the ovaries.

Adnexitis: what is it in women

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries are almost always begins at the same time. After examination, the doctor can diagnose inflammatory diseases of the uterus. In the overwhelming majority of cases first develop salpingitis, which affects the fallopian tubes, the infection spreads rapidly on the ovaries, causing the appearance of oophoritis.

Salpingo considered one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system. Some patients simultaneously detect endometritis - inflammation of the uterus.

Depending on the nature of the flow recovered acute or chronic oophoritis. In the acute form adneksita observed severe symptoms intensify inflammation of appendages. In chronic salpingo characteristic clinical picture occurs only during exacerbations.

Adnexitis: Code of ICD 10

ICD 10 salpingoophoritis assigned N70 Code:

• N0 - at an acute infectious inflammatory disease;
• N1 - for chronic oophoritis and salpingitis;
• N9 - at an unspecified form salpingoophoritis.

As N70 code assigned when abscesses fallopian tubes, ovaries, piosalpinks, tubo-ovarian inflammatory process.

classification salpingoophoritis

Adnexitis experts classify by parameters:

• nature of the disease (chronic, acute);
• place of origin (the left-hand, right-hand);
• especially flow (serous, purulent).

An accurate diagnosis is established after the interview and examination of the patient.

acute adnexitis

Acute salpinooforit often begins in patients with weakened immune systems. Development adneksita provokes penetration of infectious agents in the epididymis. They can get out of the vagina and uterus by ascending or descending, for example, from an inflamed appendix.

Reference! Mostly appendages inflammation develops in the background of infectious diseases of the reproductive system, ectopic pregnancy, cysts, endometritis.

subacute adnexitis

In uncomplicated conditions appendages inflammation symptoms may be gone in 10 days. But the improvement does not mean cure. Salpingo becomes subacute form. Intensity discomfort decreases gradually being improved.

But recovery does not occur, the inflammation becomes chronic appendages. With the weakening of immunity, colds, or the appearance of other precipitating factors can regularly show signs of inflammation of the ovaries in women.

The chronic form

Symptoms of chronic salpingo virtually absent. The general condition of women with low intensity inflammation appendages is satisfactory, but in some patients the temperature is kept at 37-37,2 ° C.

Chronic adnexitis provokes disturbances of menstruation. Most often, it leads to algodismenoree or oligomenorrhea. When menstruation algodismenoree characterized by high morbidity and, if they are characterized by oligomenorrhea reducing the amount discharge.

Double-sided salpingo

Acute inflammation of the uterus on both sides leads to severe symptoms of the disease. Pain occurs in the left and right sides of the abdomen. Reversible adnexitis develops provided that the pathogenic microflora got into two tubes, of which the infection has spread to the ovaries.

The most dangerous is the situation in which developing dvuhstronny chronic oophoritis. He provokes the development of infertility, because at the same pathological process affects and become impassable at the same time the pipe 2.

unilateral salpingo

If there is inflammation of the appendages on the one hand, a gynecologist diagnoses the left-sided or right-sided adnexitis. Causes of salpingoophoritis left and right are not always the same.

In acute unilateral salpingo favorable prognosis. If it is assigned to the appropriate treatment in a timely manner, the negative effects of the disease will be.

right-adnexitis

For right appendages inflammation process localized in the right fallopian tube and extends to the right ovary. Development salpingoophoritis can cause intestinal, tubercle bacillus, chlamydia, fungal diseases, appendicitis.

Adnexitis leads to swelling of the fallopian tubes and disruption of the blood circulation process. Due to the destruction of muscle tissue appendages begin to thicken, become deformed, formed adhesions. Right hand adnexitis may lead to secondary appendicitis.

Left-sided adnexitis

Common cause of salpingoophoritis on the left side is an inflammation of the large intestine to the left. Infection is also possible for the flu, pneumonia, tonsillitis.

Inflammation of the left side of the appendages causes swelling inner mucosa, reddening, ulceration appearance on the surface. Lack of timely treatment could result in violations of the left tube patency.

inflammation of the ovaries in women: reasons

Isolated oophoritis ovary is rare. Most often provokes salpingitis oophoritis, as a result of the inspection at the gynecologist diagnoses salpingo. Among the causes of inflammation of appendages called:

• ingress of pathogens - Chlamydia, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, tubercle bacillus, mycoplasma;
• activation of pathogenic flora - streptococcal, fungal, E. coli, staphylococcus;
• hypothermia;
• surgical interventions (abortion, therapeutic and diagnostic intervention);
• childbirth;
• the use of intrauterine devices.

Attention! Chill ovaries is quite possible, if you do not take care of the reproductive system organs were always warm. Hypothermia can lead to a local decrease in immunity and the development of inflammation of appendages.

In most cases, oophoritis develops due to the ingress of pathogens in cervical canal, uterus. The infection of the uterine cavity gradually moves to the pipe. Initially infestation internal mucous layer, then the process involved muscular and serosal layers.

Inflammation of the appendages in women: Symptoms

Depending on the location of the inflammatory focus, and the character of the individual susceptibility women adnexitis symptoms may vary.

In the chronic form of pathology observed mild persistent pain in the lower abdomen. Their women are described as aching. A characteristic feature is the presence of scarce salpingoophoritis precipitates. Patients diagnosed with inflammation of the appendages complain of painful sexual intercourse.

menstrual disorders are a characteristic feature of chronic salpingoophoritis. Patients complain of pain amplification, changes in discharge and violation of regular cycles. Inflammation appendages can lead to impairment of the ovaries. As a result, the process of production of female sex hormones is disturbed.

The signs of acute inflammation of the appendages and the ovaries in women include:

• sudden deterioration of health as the temperature rises above 38 ° C;
• chills;
• increased heart;
• pain in the groin;
• bloating;
• occurrence of abnormal discharge from the vagina;
• frequent urination.

Palpitations, deterioration of health - are common symptoms characteristic of inflammatory diseases. Adneksita sign is the gradual strengthening of discomfort in the abdomen, pain in the region are beginning to anus coccyx.

Localization sensations depends on the side of inflammation. Their appearance is because inflamed fallopian tube swells and begins to irritate the peritoneum penetrated by a plurality of nerve endings. If you increase it can begin to put pressure on neighboring organs, it provokes amplification of pain.

With the active-infectious inflammatory process there are abundant vaginal discharge. Gonococcal salpingo provokes the appearance of pus, Trichomonas - frothy. In parallel, there is pain, burning, itching in the genitals area, the discomfort intensifies after urination.

If a woman has chilled appendages, it may appear abundant muco-purulent discharge. They will consist of mucus, uterine epithelial cells and bacteria.

Salpingo: Diagnosis

If you suspect that inflammation of the appendages full diagnosis should be carried out. It includes:

• gynecological examination;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
• therapeutic and diagnostic laparoscopy;
• the use of radiopaque methods;
• smear from the cervix.

All diagnostic procedures are carried out is not necessary. Survey tactics chosen doctor.

Inflammation of the appendages: treatment

To get rid of adneksita doctor may prescribe special medications, surgery, recommend folk therapies. Often used medication adnexitis, aimed at getting rid of the infection, reducing the severity of inflammation and improvement of the body's defenses.

Pi salpingoophoritis prescribe antibiotics. They help get rid of pathogenic microorganisms, because activation is developed inflammation of the appendages. When using of purulent adnexitis cephalosporins, aminoglycosides. For the treatment of diseases caused by chlamydia used antibacterials tetracycline and macrolides. In other cases prescribed penicillin antibiotics.

In parallel, using anti-inflammatory drugs: Paracetamol, Nurofen, Phenylbutazone. Special attention is paid to the use of vitamin and immunostimulant.

If conservative treatment has been ineffective, or in the region accumulated pus appendages, tumors appeared, the operation is assigned. Operative intervention allows to remove the adhesions formed, to restore the lumen of the fallopian tubes, to eliminate inflammation and pus foci investigate tumor.

complications

Ignore the need to treat the appearance of the appendages inflammation symptoms in women can not. Treatment is necessary to prevent the development of infertility. Adnexitis may cause:

• adhesions;
• deterioration of tubal patency;
• ectopic implantation oocyte after fertilization;
• sexual dysfunction;
• spontaneous abortion;
• activation of inflammation of other organs - colitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis.

Important! Negative consequences arise if the woman does not go to the gynecologist at the first sign of inflammation of the appendages, and begins to self-medicate.

Prevention of inflammation of the appendages

To prevent the development of salpingoophoritis must notify the possible impact of negative factors. Women are advised to:

• not supercool;
• observe the rules of hygiene of genitals;
• avoid sexual relations with untested partners;
• comply with all medical recommendations after childbirth, abortion, miscarriage;
• time to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases.

It is important to regularly visit the gynecologist.

Adnexitis may develop at any age, but most often with inflammation appendages facing women in 20-35 years. If signs of disease it is necessary to consult a doctor for further diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Only if timely treatment can prevent complications. Understand the cause of disease, symptoms of the disease and find out what treatment strategy used gynecologists, can be from video