Late menopause: Causes and Symptoms

It is believed that the first signs of menopause in women appear in 45 years. This indicator is rather conditional, since to determine the exact time of onset of menopause is not possible. However, in some cases, there is an earlier or later than the onset of menopause. Late menopause may be a feature of an individual woman, and be the result of various pathologies.

Late onset of menopause

Climax - is not a disease, but a natural part of aging changes the female organism. By about 45 years begins fading hormonal ovarian function, which manifests itself in reducing the levels of sex steroids.

Despite popular belief, sex hormones not only support reproductive function. In particular, estrogen affects almost the entire woman's body;

• regulates metabolism;
• It promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in bone tissue;
• It affects the skin, hair and nails;
instagram viewer
• It affects the thyroid and mammary glands, gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system.

The level of sex hormones also determined emotional female background.

When menopause dramatically decreases the synthesis of sex hormones by the ovaries. The body adapts to the changing conditions of its operation. The symptoms of menopause are the result of adaptation to the functioning of the female organism without hormones.

Climax is not fast processes. Progression defined in several stages.

1. Premenopausal. It is noted the appearance of the first symptoms of menopause, hormonal function caused by fading. The sharp decline in the level of hormones causes a change in the menstrual cycle and other disorders of the internal organs. As a rule, premenopausal starts in 45 years. However, it may develop late menopause. It is known that later, as early menopause may indicate pathology. However, late menopause may also be the norm for this.
2. Menopause. Gynecologists say the emergence of your last menstrual period and the next twelve months after it as the menopausal stage. Typically, this phase is characterized by a greater severity of symptoms.
3. Perimenopause. This phase includes the premenopausal and the menopause.
4. Postmenopause. The last phase, which is followed by old age, after menopause begins and ends in 65-69 years.

It is noteworthy that in premenopausal preserved the chance of pregnancy. This is due to the presence of spontaneous menstrual cycles and ovulation. This fact should be taken into account for the purpose of selection of adequate contraception.

Pregnancy menopausal and postmenopausal women is not possible, so as menstrual cycles and ovulation is absent.

For most women, the first symptoms of the extinction of reproductive function observed in 45 years. Nevertheless, possible late onset of menopause. Gynecologists emphasize that a late menopause are not always considered to be pathological. In addition, there are certain advantages and disadvantages of this process.

pros

If a late menopause is an individual feature of the female body, doctors may consider it as an advantage. In the absence of expressed symptoms of malaise, late menopause is characterized by several advantages.

1. bone strength. In women, bone strength is maintained longer. This fact is a kind of prevention of fractures, joint diseases and disability. The required level of calcium is maintained adequate synthesizing estrogens.
2. Emotional background. It is well known that women in menopause differ nervousness, tearfulness, moodiness. Representatives who have been late menopause, longer the clarity of mind and a good memory.
3. Appearance. Late menopause provides a sufficient level of collagen, which leads to the good condition of the skin and hair. In addition, thanks to the preservation of metabolic processes at the appropriate level, women are less prone to weight gain.
4. The cardiovascular system. The elasticity of the vascular wall at late menopause contributes to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, stroke and heart attack.
5. Reproductive function. Women have long preserved the possibility of fertility.

Minuses

Sometimes a late menopause are masked dangerous disease. In particular, this process occurs in malignant tumors of the ovary, breast and uterus. In connection with the belated menopause implies the timely and thorough examination in order to prevent or treat serious diseases.

Late menopause suggests preservation of reproductive function. That is why there is a need to use contraception.

Causes

To a certain age, the functioning of the ovaries changes qualitatively. Initially, the functioning of the ovaries is characterized by instability, which manifests the change cycle times, abundant bleeding during menstruation. The synthesis of sex hormones is gradually reduced. If this process, which involves pre-menopausal women, occurs after 55 years later talking about menopause.

There are several causes of a late menopause.

1. Hereditary factor. Sometimes, late menopause due to genetic predisposition.
2. Tumors estrogenprodutsiruyuschego character. Many cancers are hormone-dependent. That's why high levels of sex hormones may be indicative of the development of cancer.
3. Taking certain medications and exposure to radiation. Effects of drugs on the organism can be unpredictable. When chronic administration of certain drugs is possible late menopause.

late menopause also occurs in women who smoke. According to statistics, women smokers menopause develops after about three years.

symptoms

Late menopause occurs in 5% of women. Regularity of menstruation after 50 years, no signs of menopause, indicating the need for a thorough examination.

In the absence of pathological symptoms artificially zoom menopause does not make sense. a doctor may prescribe the following drugs when necessary:

• buserelin;
• Zoladex;
• Diferelin.

Sometimes, late menopause may be associated with more severe symptoms. Their intensity is related to the fact that the body gets used to the long-term synthesis of sex hormones, and in their sharp decrease reacts symptomatic.

Late symptoms of menopause are similar to the manifestation of timely extinction of menstrual function:

• menstrual dysfunction up to its complete disappearance;
• the occurrence of hot flushes;
• instability of the emotional background, which is manifested by irritability, tearfulness, depressed mood;
• thinning of the vaginal mucosa, resulting in discomfort and dryness, problems with urination;
• dry skin, appearance of wrinkles;
• bone loss;
• loss of elasticity of the vascular wall, which leads to high blood pressure, pain in the heart.

Menopause symptoms accompanied by more pronounced in the presence of accompanying pathologies.

relief displays

There are several ways to help women eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of menopause. Gynecologists are widely used hormones, phytoestrogens. The good effect is a means of traditional medicine. Maintain good health, you can with the help of physical therapy and nutrition.

medicine

If menopause is accompanied by severe symptoms, medications are usually prescribed hormone therapy. These drugs can be used both alone and as part of complex treatment.

Medicines based on estrogen:

• Premarin;
• proginova;
• Dermestril;
• Estriol.

Combined facilities:

• Klimnonorm;
• Angelique;
• Divina;
• Klimov.

Perhaps the appointment of drugs in the form of suppositories, ointments, tablets and injections. To eliminate vaginal dryness Ovestin used drug.

Hormone therapy is not always acceptable, which is associated with an increased risk of adverse reactions. Besides, hormone drugs have numerous contraindications and can not always be applied in various related pathologies.

Phytohormones and folk remedies

Often applied plant hormones at menopause and traditional medicines. Plant hormones are analogues of female sex hormones. These drugs act softly and rarely cause side effects. Among homeopathic preparations high performance characterized by:

• Remens;
• Klimaksan;
• Klimadinon;
• Feminal.

Herbs can be used only after a doctor's prescription. This is due to the ability of herbs affect the hormonal balance.

In gynecology these medicinal plants are used effectively:

• upland uterus;
• red brush;
• yarrow;
• sage.

Diet

Proper nutrition is especially important in the late menopause. It is known that a correct and balanced diet can influence the physiological and emotional component.

Fatty, fried and salty foods, smoked can cause unpleasant symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract. That is why from such foods should be avoided. It is better to give preference to fresh fruits and vegetables, herbs. It is advisable to choose lean meats, saltwater fish.

To compensate for the lack of vitamins, doctors recommend to regularly take vitamin complexes.

LFK

Many women in the menopause decreases the amount of physical activity that is bad for circulation and joints. Adequate moderate load prevents congestion, obesity, diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

It should select a type of physical activity in accordance with the age, state of health and level of preparation. It is not desirable to load excessively body exercise intensity that can cause symptoms of fatigue, headaches.