Treatment of cystitis and urinary incontinence in menopause

Extinction hormonal function during menopause not only affects the reproductive system. In fact, hormone deficiency affects the state of all organs and systems of the female body. That is why when the first signs of reducing the amount of hormones cystitis symptoms can appear, as well as urinary incontinence.

Frequent urination, which is one of the manifestations of cystitis, urinary incontinence significantly reduce a woman's quality of life. In addition, urinary incontinence and frequent urination can cause various complications. This is why urinary incontinence and cystitis require a competent treatment after initial diagnosis and detection of the causes of disease.

What is menopause

Menopause is a natural physiological condition of the female body, in which there is fading age hormonal ovarian function. Menopause is not a disease, it is a gradual process that involves several steps:

• premenopausal, including a few years before the last menstrual period;
• menopause, means the date of the last menstrual period and the year after it;
• perimenopause, the first two stages of menopause implying;
• postmenopause, occurring one year after the cessation of menstruation and lasts until the age of 65-69 years.

At menopause there is a sharp decline in estrogen secretion, causing the various manifestations of individual character. First body adjusts to a sharp reduction in the amount of estrogen, and then to their total absence.

In healthy patients during menopause milder. While the presence of gynecologic and extragenital diseases often leads to various serious disorders which require a correct treatment.

Violation of urination during menopause

Often the occurrence of menopause affects the state of the genitourinary system. Women in menopause can occur frequent urination associated with urinary incontinence both, and with the development of cystitis.

Urinary incontinence

The problem of urinary incontinence may be due to various reasons. Menopause leads to a significant decrease in estrogen production. The sphincter and bladder tissue located receptors that respond to estrogen levels. Accordingly, by decreasing the secretion of this hormone tonus of the sphincter and the bladder begins to decline. This leads to urinary incontinence and frequent urination.

When menopause in women observed the development of several types of urinary incontinence.

1. Stressful. Urinary incontinence occurs as a result of physical activity, a sharp voltage pelvic muscles. Moreover, urinary incontinence may occur when coughing, laughing or sneezing. Usually, however, urinary incontinence occurs during the execution of a variety of physical exercises.
2. Urgent. Urinary incontinence occurs only when a significant amount of her. In this instance, urinary incontinence is noted even when trying to restrain her.
3. Together. This type combines the previous two.

Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder, known as cystitis often occurs in women during menopause. Generally, treatment of cystitis should be repeated several times, as the disease tends to recur.

Doctors pay attention to patients for timely diagnosis and treatment of cystitis. In order to avoid exacerbations of cystitis, it is necessary to detect and eliminate the causes.

The causes of frequent urination

Frequent urination, which can be caused by urinary incontinence and cystitis, has many reasons for its occurrence. As a rule, in the majority of cases the basis for the development of cystitis and urinary incontinence in women is hormonal imbalances during menopause.

The weakening of the pelvic floor muscles

Decreased tone of the pelvic floor muscles is possible in the absence of a regular sex life. In turn, irregular sexual intercourse due decreased libido due to hormonal imbalance.

Elasticity of the bladder

Reduction of sexual hormones significantly affects the tissue of sexual organs and the bladder wall. As a result, the tissue loses its elasticity and tone. Thus, estrogen deficiency contributes to thinning of the walls of the bladder and deterioration of blood supply.

Genital infections and the occurrence of vaginal dryness

In turn, changes in the walls of the bladder create favorable conditions for the multiplication of opportunistic and pathogenic microflora. It is the reproduction of pathogenic flora and is a cause of cystitis.

Dry vaginal walls also occurs because reducing the amount of estrogen. Gradually there is a change of the vaginal microflora, which can be transported on a rising path.

Obesity

Often during menopause in women there are overweight, which appears as a result of lack of exercise, metabolic disorders and malnutrition. Being overweight has a negative impact on the state of the bladder tissue.

During menopause a decrease in the body's defenses. As a result of non-compliance with diet, slight hypothermia and other precipitating factors may cause the occurrence of cystitis.

symptoms

As a rule, women soon begin to notice problems with urination. Urinary incontinence is usually painless and its occurrence is associated with specific causes pathology.

In stress incontinence woman character notes of urine when coughing, sneezing, as well as during physical activity. If incontinence is urgent in nature, there is the emission of significant portions of urine.

Symptoms of cystitis are usually pronounced.

1. Catarrhal inflammation character. The woman feels discomfort in the bladder area and marks false urge to urinate. Thus, frequent urination becomes. And it is frequent urination characterized by the presence of pain and spasms. It is noteworthy that the lower segment of the bladder during the examination looks reddened, swelling observed, erosive changes.
2. Interstitial inflammation. A woman experiences persistent pain, interspersed with acute attacks. Affected as the bladder and the urethra. You may experience urinary incontinence. In urine, blood is present, muddy precipitate. Urinalysis reveals increased leukocyte content. There is a marked swelling and redness, erosion hemorrhages on the bladder surface. Bladder wall thickening differ.
3. Mucosal atrophy. This pathology may appear several years after the end of the month. The main symptom of atrophy of the mucosa of the bladder is urinary incontinence. bladder shell is characterized by pallor, sprawl. Moreover walls are thickened, and the volume gradually decreases.

complications

As complications of urinary incontinence and cystitis may be noted further progression of the disease, for example, due to the weakening of muscle tone and infection. If untreated, inflammation may spread the infection on the uplink path and the development of pyelonephritis. After menopause, we can not exclude the development of atrophy of the bladder.

Diagnostics

Suspected urinary incontinence can be in the presence of at least one uncontrolled urination. With regular nature of urinary incontinence, it quickened the nature, should see a specialist and get tested.

Special attention is required painful and frequent urination. In this case, there is need for treatment by means of drugs.

Diagnosis of cystitis is to conduct laboratory research. It is necessary to perform urine tests, to determine the inflammatory process and to identify the pathogen infection. The doctor also commonly assigned ultrasound kidney and the bladder, to prevent various structural pathology.

Treatment is carried out after a preliminary diagnosis.

Treatment

After diagnosis conducted assigned the optimal method of treatment, which may be both medical and surgical. However, regardless of the chosen treatment strategy, a woman in menopause should follow some rules:

• urinate on a schedule;
• hiking;
• do not eat food that irritates the bladder.

use of drugs

Incontinence and frequent urination during menopause women are prescribed medication drugs.

1. Driptan. The medicine improves tone of the urethra, the sphincter. As treatment medication to be taken three times a day to 5 mg.
2. Nivalin. Tool allows you to improve the muscle tone of the pelvic floor and their elasticity. The drug is recommended for use three times a day by 10-40 mg
3. Cymbalta. This medication has a soothing effect and is used for stress urinary incontinence, frequent urination.

If frequent urination during menopause due cystitis treatment depends on the stage at which there is a pathological process.

1. At step bluetongue frequent urination treated using drugs, which include estrogen: Ovestin, CLIMAR, Divigel. These preparations are formulated as creams or suppositories. For treatment of inflammation using Kanefron, Cystone, Phytolysinum.
2. interstitial stage It requires more intensive treatment. Doctors prescribe hormone tablets, for example, klimonorma, Klimov and Tibolone. To suppress pathogenic flora used drugs such as Monural, and nolitsin furadonin. To facilitate the use of painful spasm or papaverine Nospanum. To restore adequate blood flow, the patient is recommended Kurantil or Trental. The treatment may be supplemented or Leonurus valerian.
3. stage atrophy It requires surgical treatment, as hormone therapy ineffective. In order to eliminate the infection can be administered antibiotics.

All preparations for the treatment of frequent urination, cystitis and urinary incontinence should choose the treating physician. To avoid complications, it is necessary to remember the timely diagnosis and treatment.

Surgical intervention

character surgical treatment is indicated in severe incontinence, if drug therapy and physical therapy have failed. Generally, treatment is characterized by low traumatic and early recovery.

Doctors use the following types of intervention.

1. Sling. Superimposed on the urethra elastic loop that clamps and holds the fabric in place. Treatment is carried out by local anesthesia.
2. Topical administration of drugs. On the area of ​​the submucosal space applied collagen, which helps maintain the physiological tone of the urethra. However, this treatment is often used in connection with low efficiency.
3. Colposuspension. This procedure is considered to be the most effective and traumatic. urethral tissue to tighten and fasten cords groin.
4. Colporrhaphy. During this procedure, perform tightening vaginal walls, which causes a reduction in pressure on the bladder.

recovery period It lasts for three weeks. During rehabilitation should avoid intense exercise and sexual activity.

Exercise and folk remedies

Frequent urination problem can be partially solved by using special exercises. experts usually recommend the use of Kegel exercises that involve the use of a few basic rules.

1. Performing exercises at least four times a day.
2. Exercises should be performed from a seated position.
3. It is necessary to stretch the muscles that are responsible for urination stop, hold them in this position for a few seconds.
4. Voltage Duration muscles gradually brought up to several minutes.

prevention

Prevention of cystitis, urinary frequency and urinary incontinence in menopause include the observance of a few simple rules. To avoid the occurrence of cystitis or urinary frequency and urinary incontinence during menopause should:

• refuse products irritating bladder wall, differing diuretic effect;
• Avoid hypothermia;
• try to make daily walks;
• perform daily exercises of Kegel;
• go to the toilet at a certain time;
• abandon the habit of going to the toilet is not on schedule.

These methods are suitable for the prevention of all women over forty years. Their implementation will prevent cystitis, urinary incontinence and frequent urination during climax.

Personal hygiene

In the treatment of cystitis, urinary incontinence and frequent urination in some women may be a feeling of uncleanliness. However, frequent cleaning the mucous contribute overdrying that can exacerbate the problem. Wash recommended no more than two or three times a day, with use cosmetics, it is desirable not every time.

It is important to use common or urological pads that should be changed as often as possible in order to prevent mucosal irritation. To eliminate the odor, you can use wet wipes and a removable linen. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that the synthetic fabric can enhance the smell.