Anovulatory cycle: what is it, symptoms and treatment

During pregnancy planning, women are more attentive to their menstruation and its periodicity. Some are beginning to regularly monitor ovulation, which makes it possible to determine its absence or unstable expression. Others learn about such a problem as an anovulatory cycle, faced with a number of unsuccessful attempts to conceive a child.

What is an anovulatory cycle

Anovulatory cycle is considered to be a single-phase: there is only the first phase of the follicular period. Dominant follicles are not maturing as in the normal course of the cycle. The menstrual period is characterized by absence of ovulation and subsequent luteal phases does not occur development of the corpus luteum, which is formed from the walls of the ruptured follicle, which issued ripened egg.

Since there is no ripe female cells, the conception is impossible. That is why the problem of conceiving a gynecologist will first rule out anovulatory cycles.

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Will then monthly

After a period with lack of ovulation occur menstrualnopodobnye bleeding. Monthly during anovulatory cycles may begin in the same period as usual, but often fails offensive discharge. Yourself is almost impossible to distinguish between normal menstrual periods and bleeding after anovulatory cycle.

Most often this is accompanied by giperestrogeniey period, which may lead to overgrowth of the endometrium. Bleeding after this cycle is abundant, with two-handed examination can be noted the increase of uterus and soft, friable neck with a slightly open end wrench. Less often seen gipoestrogeniya. Here, on the contrary, will be observed scanty bleeding, The small size of the uterus and cervix elongated conical shape.

How do you know if ovulation was

Signs of anovulatory cycle is not always easy to detect, indirectly, a woman may observe the following symptoms:

• no breast tenderness, Tingling, pulling pain in the abdomen by one of the ovaries approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle (provided that before a woman could feel ovulation);
• earlier or later than the start of menstruation and changes in bleeding time.

In order to find out exactly whether the maturation and release of the egg have occurred, it is necessary to turn to the more serious diagnosis of anovulatory cycle:

1. Follikulometriya. On the 10th day of the menstrual period, ultrasound is performed to identify the presence of a dominant follicle. If one is not found, then ovulation in that cycle will not. The artisan can also notice polycystic (presence of many follicles slightly increased, but none of them is ready for maturation). Another survey needs to be done on the 15th or 16th day, when you can find the yellow body, appeared on the site of the ruptured follicle, from which the mature egg out, or to confirm the absence ovulation. Doctor endometrial thickness measurements to detect hypo- or giperestrogeniey to aid in the further treatment.
2. making basal body temperature chart. Done at home by yourself. Every morning at the same time without getting up from the bed, it is necessary to measure the rectal temperature. From the obtained values ​​of a schedule. As it can determine the presence of ovulation in front of which the temperature decline occurs, and release the ovum it rises by about 0.5 degrees.
3. Diagnostic endometrial curettage eve monthly with subsequent histological analysis.

After confirming absence of ovulation studies are hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, that affect the menstrual period, thyroid hormones and several gynecological analyzes.

The reasons for the lack of ovulation

The causes of anovulatory cycle may be different:

• hormonal disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis;
• malfunction of the thyroid gland;
• diseases of the pelvic organs;
• multiple ovarian cysts;
• onset of early menopause;
• inflammation of the endometrium and cervix;
• receiving previously incorrectly matched contraceptives;
• unbalanced diet, vitamin deficiency;
• fatigue, stress, lack of sleep;
• excessive exercise.

Another reason for the lack of ovulation can be hormonal changes of reproductive organs associated with puberty or menopause as well as pregnancy and lactation. Lack of ovulation for reasons gynecologists are not considered as pathological.

In healthy women are allowed within the normal 1-2 anovulatory cycles per year, with no apparent reason or in connection with climate change (for example, a trip on vacation).

Anovulation as a cause of infertility

In anovulatory cycle occurs rupture of the follicle with the release of mature ova ready for fertilization. After such a cycle will still start monthly, and therefore, the presence of menstruation - not fertility.

One of the manifestations of infertility in women - a pathological lack of ovulation. Therefore, it is important to consult a gynecologist as soon as there is suspicion of a problem.

Treatment

One of the ways to treat the lack of ovulation is the appointment of oral contraceptives with a view to give rest to the ovaries. After a few months of taking the pills and their subsequent cancellation of the reproductive organs begin to work with a vengeance, sometimes both ovaries ovulate simultaneously.

Another way is to stimulate ovulation hormonal drugs. Treatment is carried out as follows:

1. Before the onset of menstruation endometrial curettage performed.
2. From the 2nd day of the cycle used drugs influence gonadotropin (horiogonin).
3. 6-8 day appointed by intramuscular injections of progesterone. Control of therapy is performed by follikulometrii. The physician may increase the dose of hormones or terminate therapy in this cycle depending on the presence and size of the dominant follicle and the endometrium.

If successful, hormone therapy after ovulation gynecologist can prescribe progesterone (Duphaston, Utrozhestan) to support the corpus luteum function. Further removal of the drug occurs after delivery of analyzes and professional judgment.

In case of lack of ovarian function it is carried out by estrogen therapy. If the reason is chronic inflammation of the appendages or adnexitis, it is assigned the complex therapy with vitamin C.

When several unsuccessful attempts to conceive a child you should not delay the campaign to the doctor. The specialist will help you understand what is happening and why prescribe timely treatment, which will result in desired pregnancy.