The first day of the cycle: What day is the first day of monthly if smears (as defined)

Women know that this month, but underestimate the significance of the menstrual cycle (MC) and the work of hormones to ensure the normal functioning of the female reproductive system. The first day of the cycle - something that must be remembered each of the fair sex to competently approach to the examination of the reproductive system, pregnancy planning and the choice of method contraception.

Phase of the menstrual cycle

Job female reproductive system hormones regulated by the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries that cause functional changes in the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterus), fallopian tubes and the vagina. Frequency of production of certain hormones is caused by the formation of menstruatsionnogo cycle.

Each menstrual period is the process of preparing a woman's body for pregnancy.

monthly cycle begins on the day when it is menstruation - periodic uterine bleeding that accompanies rejection and update the internal layer of the uterus.

follicular phase

The first day of menstrual bleeding occurs first phase - follicular. Follicular phase lasts an average of 14 days (can vary from 7 to 22 depending on the individual). At this time, under the influence of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) hormone is a process of maturation of the follicle.

The follicle is the egg surrounded by special membranes. Since the beginning of the formation of the sexual girl systems, even in utero, laid a certain number of follicles. By the time of puberty (11-13 years, that is the age when the first cycle begins menstruatsionny) some of them are called primordial die. Of the remaining 300-450 thousand will mature only not more than 500, more atrophy. Number of functioning follicles determines the duration of fertile age (the period during which a woman can get pregnant) and roughly means how many times in life happens menstruation, with the exception of anovulatory cycles.

Menstruation itself lasts from 3 to 7 days. Under the influence of hormones is rejected old endometrium and formation of the new.

ovulatory phase

After 1-2 weeks after menstruation comes the second phase - ovulatory. It takes about 3 days and is in the maturation and rupture of the follicle, that is most of ovulation, with the release of the egg. This process is due to a multiple increase in the level of luteinizing hormone in the blood. Ovulatory phase is the most favorable for conception.

luteal phase

The following 13-14 days after ovulation - a luteal phase or the corpus luteum. During this period, the dominant of the blood concentration of hormones are progesterone, the pregnancy hormone and estrogen. Under their influence, there is an increase of the endometrium and prepare the woman's body for pregnancy. If the egg is not fertilized, the menstrual cycle is repeated again.

The significance of the first day of the cycle

There are days that are important when planning a pregnancy, to carry out diagnostic tests and laboratory tests.

How to determine the first day of his menstruatsionnogo cycle?

The first day of the cycle is the first day of menstrual bleeding. His take into account in determining the duration of pregnancy and the estimated date of delivery, in the appointment of ultrasound of the pelvic organs is determined by the concentration of different sex in the different phases of the MC hormones.

Knowledge of one day of the menstrual cycle will help to calculate the date of the next menstrual period using the calendar application or an electronic gadget.

Based on the knowledge of the date of the beginning of a woman's cycle, we can assume the most favorable gap for conception.

In a normal menstrual cycle lasts 28-32 days. The cycle length of less than 21 days is called a short, but more than 36 days - long. Offset MC start date for a period of up to a week (before or after the intended) is a variant of the norm. The absence of menstruation for more than 5 weeks, or start a new in less than 2.5 weeks - this is a serious reason for seeking qualified assistance.

By the number of menstrual secretions are abundant and not abundant. The norm is a blood volume of 20 to 120 ml, i.e. not more than half a cup.

The causes of the onset of menstruation bias

Female reproductive system - a complex system whose state depends on many factors:

1. Stressful situations cause the malfunction of many organs, including reproductive organs, so emotional distress can trigger a long delay of menstruation due to short hormonal failure.
2. Previous infection almost always shift the date of the onset of menstruation: even just a SARS can cause MC disorders.
3. The sharp change in body weight. With the dramatic weight loss and weight gain comes hormonal failure that affects the reproductive system.
4. Hormonal disorders - the most common cause of problems with the reproductive system.
5. Climate change can also lead to failure of regulation, but usually not for long.
6. Hormonal contraceptives, especially in the beginning of the course.
7. Spontaneous or medical termination of pregnancy. Miscarriage or abortion - a serious stress for the whole organism.
8. Pregnancy - the most natural cause of absence of menstruation.

Calculation of the onset of the following month

To determine the first day of a woman's cycle, you need to know the date of the previous regulation. To do this, you need to calculate the average length of the cycle - the number of days between the first day of the previous MC and the beginning of this.

Example: if the past menstruation occurred on October 1, and the cycle is 29 days, the next month will begin at the end of the month - 30 October.

With this knowledge, you will never find yourself in an unpleasant situation, when the hand does not have proper hygiene. For a week put in makeup tampon or sanitary napkin before the anticipated start of the cycle.

The significance of the date of the beginning of the MC at the doctor

Even on a planned admission, the gynecologist will ask, when was the last month or calculate the day of the cycle. This is important because the condition of the female reproductive system varies, depending on the phase.

The state of the mammary glands, the uterus, pain, and patient complaints - all doctor examines a relatively menstrual period.

When performing ultrasound processing of the received data takes place relative to the first day of menstruation, as endometrial varies widely in the follicular and luteal phase. A discrepancy between the picture phase of the cycle may indicate serious problems.

If the reception at the gynecologist caused by the onset of pregnancy based on the first day of last menstruation, the doctor will determine the approximate gestational age and date of birth.

Many of the complaints that placing women at the reception of female doctors are related to menstrual periods.

In the ovulation period the woman may complain of pain in the lower abdomen or on one side. May appear weakness, fatigue, and sometimes nausea. During this period, permissible selection several drops of blood, due to rupture of the follicle and release the ovum.

However, it should be remembered - long (over 2 days) or brown spotting allocation rules for this are not. This suggests that there was a hormonal failure or other violation.

Severe abdominal pain, which appeared during or shortly after sexual intercourse - a good reason to seek immediate medical attention. So may show signs of apoplexy - ovarian rupture, accompanied by internal bleeding. This is a potentially dangerous condition not only for the health of women, but also for her life.

The third phase of the MC - lutein, the body is under the authority of progesterone and estrogen, which It causes frequent mood swings, emotional lability, unpleasant sensations in the mammary glands, their swelling. And towards the end of the MC are possible digestive disorders: bloating, constipation or diarrhea. women often complain of headache and muscle pain. All of these symptoms with moderate severity have pathological causes and do not require medical intervention.

Cycle and cosmetic treatments

Hormones woman can not help but have an effect on the skin. During menstruation, the skin becomes dry and sometimes dull. During this period undesirable cosmetic procedures start, since the thickness of the epidermis decreases and increases the probability of injury and of infection.

After menses in the follicular phase, estradiol increases the action of the hormone, which significantly improves the condition Skin: pass rash and redness, which appeared before menstruation, the skin becomes healthy, moisturized view. This period is the most favorable for all kinds of cosmetic and surgical procedures.

A few days before ovulation, the skin becomes radiant, it looks more healthy and beautiful. At this time, it is best to do moisturizing and nourishing. But she ovulation can bring the black dots and increased production of sebum.

The luteal phase is better refrain from termoprotsedur and laser exposure: under the influence of progesterone blood circulation reaches the maximum cell delay water deteriorates lymph.

Cycle Start by spotting

The presence of different types of discharge other than menses, a woman often brings confusion. Let us try to answer the question, what day is the first day of the menstrual cycle, menstruation, if the "smears".

The appearance of brown discharge a small amount can be a physiological phenomenon, and a sign of serious problems in the female reproductive system.

That in this case, to determine the beginning of the MC, it is necessary to understand that these are a selection.

Ovulation may be accompanied by the release of a few drops of blood, which is the laundry looks like brown "daub".
Discharge occurring in mid-cycle, lasting no longer than 2 days and a slight volume, in most cases evidence of ovulation. Its not taken into account, but should wait for the full menstruatsionnogo bleeding to start the MC frames.

If the discharge lasts more than 3 days in a small volume, the onset of menstruation for taking them is not necessary. But should seek medical advice as this symptom may be a result of hormonal failure, endometriosis and uterine fibroids.

If the blood is brown, and the allocation lasts 4-7 days and daily linings "not enough", is menstruation. But for this month is not the norm, should consult a gynecologist.

The female reproductive system is arranged very difficult. It should be treated properly, carefully and respectfully. Knowing your cycle will save a woman from unpleasant situations and unwanted pregnancy. Understanding the work of their reproductive system, a woman can take control of the situation, give yourself to relax or, conversely, to avoid unwanted consequences.