Why teeth ache and ache: reasons, how to treat and what to do if it pains all teeth at once

Sometimes, when eating sweet or sour foods, as well as cold or hot drinks, discomfort in the teeth, manifested by aches and aching pain. In medical terms, the phenomenon when teeth ache and ache, and the jaw is painful, is called hypersensitivity or hyperesthesia, and the underlying cause of such sensations is abrasion and enamel cracks.

What character can be unpleasant

The nature of the unpleasant sensations can be different, sometimes it seems that all the teeth ache at the same time, and sometimes only one or several aches. For hyperesthesia of one or another strength and origin, the following manifestations are characteristic:

• sudden aching pains;
• insanely dropping teeth immediately after eating some food or drink;
• pain localized in a specific part of the mouth;
• pains of uncertain localization, when the entire jaw hurts at once;
• aches in molars and other sensations.

Any discomfort is a reason for going to the dentist, since it can signal the development of a certain pathology, any of which is easier to treat at the initial stage of development.

Increased sensitivity it is classified according to numerous characteristics. Hyperesthesia can be classified according to the following signs:

• by prevalence;
• by origin;
• by the stage of flow.

This principle allows you to classify hypersensitivity in each case, which greatly facilitates the diagnosis of diseases that provoke aching pains.

Classification by prevalence

According to this principle, hyperesthesia is divided into two types:

1. Localized form. This type of sensitivity can occur in the area of ​​one or more teeth. The phenomenon is due to the fact that carious cavities, and wedge-shaped defects, which is understood as a non-carious disease of the tooth neck area, in which a wedge-shaped depression is formed. This type of hypertension can also be caused by grinding the enamel to installation of crowns.
2. Generalized type. This type of sensitivity can occur throughout the jaw. Diseases of periodontal tissues are the main reason why all teeth hurt at the same time. This type of soreness also occurs due to enamel erosion, blooming caries, pathological thinning of hard tissues.

Systematization by etiological factor

This classification subdivides hyperesthesia for reasons of occurrence:

1. Soreness due to damage to hard tissues. The reasons may be caries, grinding and erosion of enamel.
2. Hypersensitivity not related to the problems of enamel, dentin, cement, that is, hard tissues. This type is due to the exposure of the necks and roots of the teeth, as well as pain that occurs due to systemic pathologies in the body.

Classifications by stage of flow

According to this type of typology, there are three degrees of sensitivity, which depend on the neglect of the pathology. The degree of hyperesthesia is measured in microamperes:

1. First degree. Teeth ache with irritants of a temperature nature. The electrical excitability of dentin is less than eight microamperes.
2. Second degree. Dentin reacts not only to temperature, but also to chemical stimuli, electrical excitability reaches about five microamperes.
3. Third degree. Reduces teeth with all types of irritants, electrical excitability is very low - up to about three microamperes.

Thanks to a detailed classification, it is possible to find out why in each case the teeth ache and ache, and also to prescribe an adequate treatment for the situation in the event of a serious cause of pain.

Possible localization of discomfort

Hyperesthesia can be all-encompassing, when all the teeth ache at once, or it can "beat" pointwise in one or several. Sometimes pain is localized in one jaw, and sometimes teeth are reduced in the entire oral cavity.

In some cases, it is difficult for the patient to describe the exact location of the pain, since sometimes it also radiates over the entire jaw at once. To accurately determine the location of the lesion, an objective study by the dentist is required, in which the above classification plays an important role.

The whole complex of reasons - from nerve to enamel

As a rule, teeth will not break for no reason. Any unpleasant sensations are caused by any pathology, if not directly related to the oral cavity in principle, then occurring due to some disturbances in the work of the body.

Hyperesthesia usually develops for a number of reasons:

• nerve reaction;
• thinning of the enamel;
• dentin reaction;
• an allergic reaction to the drugs used by the dentist during therapy;
• periodontal disease;
• hereditary predisposition;
• mechanical damage to the enamel.

It is from the large number of possible reasons for the development of unpleasant sensations that each person describes the pain in his own way - someone has one tooth aches, while another has an aching and aching jaw. Everything is individual and subjective.

Nerve reaction

The nerve can react when damaged as a result caries, pulpitis and other diseases. In the case of the formation of a hollow, the nerve is exposed, and the teeth ache both during cleaning and when eating hot, cold or spicy food.

With pulpitis, a cavity develops, which fills with blood and pus. At the same time, a nerve is at the epicenter of this inflammation.

With a reaction of the nerve, the pain is aching, throbbing, itching. Usually, take it off with home remedies fails, by night it becomes sharper. With pulpitis, the pain is unbearable, and the patient needs immediate treatment.

Thinning of enamel

The reasons for enamel damage are numerous. Thinning occurs as a result of improperly performed procedures for whitening and professional cleaning, with the use of hard brushes and pastes with abrasives, in which the enamel is exposed to both mechanical and chemical action.

Enamel cracks can also be the reason for the beginning of aching teeth. Cracks can be mechanical or appear due to malocclusion.

Enamel damage also occurs with improper nutrition and lack of vitamins. In this case, the pain is aching, twitching and manifests itself when eating or drinking, cleaning and rinsing the mouth.

Dentin reaction

Dentin is the hard tissue underneath the enamel. It has a looser structure and, as a result of damage, can transmit irritants to the area of ​​the nerve. Dentin damage occurs when advanced stages of caries, with inadequate dental treatment, in the case when the infection develops under the filling.

The pain in such cases is boring, sharp, unbearable, very similar to the sensations in pulpitis.

Allergy to dental drugs

This case is not recorded so often, but sometimes patients have an individual intolerance to the components of the drugs used by the dentist during treatment. As a rule, this type of hyperesthesia occurs after visiting a doctor.

In this case, the pain syndrome is accompanied by itchy gums, in some cases - itchy upper palate.

Periodontal disease

Periodontal disease, namely periodontitis and periodontal diseaseaccompanied by inflammation of the gums, exposing the necks and roots, which can lead to their loss.

In this case, the teeth seem to be twisting, and the discomfort increases many times when pressing on the inflamed gum. It seems that all the teeth hurt and at the same time the inflamed gums are burning.

Pain relief at home

If pain bothers at night, while there is no way to go to dentistry, there is a number of fundsto temporarily relieve pain syndrome:

• apply a cold compress to the cheek;
• rinsing the mouth with a warm saturated soda solution;
• a tampon soaked in calendula tincture or clove oil applied to the painful area will help;
• rinsing the mouth with sage infusion.

All of these remedies contribute only to temporary relief of pain, but not to treatment. For diagnosis and subsequent therapy, you must contact medical institutions.

Professional diagnostics

During the initial examination of the oral cavity, dentists use a number of techniques aimed at identifying the cause of painful sensations:

• tapping with a special instrument (probe) to accurately determine the localization of pain;
• the use of cold water to contrast definition of the painful area;
• probing the gums for swelling;
• done radiograph, allowing you to clearly see possible damage.

Preventive examinations allow you to identify the problem before it begins to manifest itself with increased sensitivity.

Providing medical care

How exactly they will treat hyperesthesia, depends on the reason for which the teeth ache and hurt. If the provoking factor is periodontal disease, pulpitis or caries, then first eliminate the disease itself and relieve the pain, and then, if necessary, begin to restore the enamel.

Enamel restoration procedures include:

• the use of fluoride-based reducing agents and potassium salts;
• the use of special mineral complexes;
• conducting sessions of ultrasonic exposure to enamel, which simultaneously reduce sensitivity;
• the use of laser therapy.

The above means and procedures effectively eliminate hypersensitivity.

Preventive measures

There are a number of recommendations, the implementation of which will allow you to avoid aches and other unpleasant sensations:

• using a brush with soft bristles that does not injure the gums and does not abrade the enamel;
• application toothpastes for sensitive teeth;
• rinsing your mouth after each meal;
• respectful attitude, the desire to avoid traumatic factors;
• optimal temperature regime for food;
• self-massage of the gums with fingers;
• taking multivitamins with calcium.

Features of the diet

Nutrition plays an important role in the development (or not development, if it is correct) of dental diseases. Food should not be cold or hot; you should avoid sweet, sour and salty, carbonated drinks, which often cause teeth to break down. You should not gnaw seeds or nuts, it is recommended to refuse citrus fruits.

Food should be rich in components such as:

• vitamin A: carrots, eggs, liver;
• calcium: dairy products, herbs;
• fluoride: seafood.

If your teeth ache and cramp, this is most likely a manifestation of hypersensitivity, the causes of which must be immediately clarified and eliminated by specialists.