Full implantation, prosthetics in the absence of teeth: cost, how many implants are placed

The loss of all teeth entails the appearance of diseases of the digestive system, causes atrophic processes in the bone tissue of the jaws.

In addition, such a serious defect disrupts the psychoemotional state of a person due to the appearance of aesthetic discomfort.

Full implantation allows you to eliminate these defects and provide a full-fledged smile, returning a person to their usual life without complexes.

The essence of the technique

Implantation - This is a type of operation, with the help of which the reconstruction of the lost dental units takes place. In the course of its implementation, the screw is implanted into the bone tissue of the jaw (pinmade of titanium), which acts as a root. The second part of the implant rises above the gum and is called

abutment. On its surface is installed the coronal part of the tooth.

With full adentia (absence of all teeth) it becomes necessary to implant in each jaw from 12 to 14 implants. This is feasible only if there is a sufficient amount of bone tissue, there is no anatomical feature of the proximity of the nerve. In addition, from the point of view of material costs, such a technique is not suitable for every person.

Therefore, practicing dentists have developed new technologies that completely restore the row and evenly distribute the load on the implanted implants.

Indications and contraindications

The implantation of implants will be relevant in the following cases:

1. Complete absence of dental units, both on the upper and lower jaw. This is a worthy alternative removable prostheticsbecause artificial implants do not require special leaving, and adaptation to them occurs in a short time.
2. If removable dentures cause allergic reactions, they provoke the development of the gag reflex.
3. Inability to install a prosthesis due to the loss of dental units at the end of the row.

Situations when the complete implantation technique falls under a complete ban:

• if the patient has diseases of the circulatory system with functional bleeding disorders;
• HIV infection (makes it impossible for the implant to take root);
• pathologies associated with disorders of the endocrine system (diabetes mellitus causes difficulty in tissue healing);
• malignant neoplasms and tuberculosis;
• a condition with increased tone of the masticatory muscles (bruxism);
• mental inadequacy of a person.

There are also relative contraindications. As they are eliminated, it is allowed to use this technique:

• the patient's age up to 16 years;
• pathological addiction to alcohol and tobacco smoking;
• inflammatory processes oral cavity, infectious diseases;
• all trimesters of pregnancy, as well as the period when a woman breastfeeds her baby.

Advantages and disadvantages

If we compare with conventional prosthetics, then the installation of prostheses on implants in the complete absence of teeth has important advantages:

1. The complete absence of the dentition during implantation of artificial units makes it possible to install a non-removable structure. This provides an easy dental care, creating advantages over removable dentures.
2. Implantation will prevent the development of the atrophic process of bone tissue. This situation can occur when wearing a removable structure.
3. The introduction of a screw post into the bone tissue after good engraftment is maintained until the end of life, while the bridge joints are gradually destroyed due to the development of a defect in the abutment teeth.
4. No matter how tightly removable dentures fit to the gums, while eating, food particles fall under them, creating unpleasant sensations. Full implantation eliminates these manifestations.

In addition, the method of introducing modern implant posts has the following positive effects:

• products are hypoallergenic, which does not cause rejection;
• visually, the dentition has a natural appearance;
• usage local anesthesia eliminates pain during the operation.

Disadvantages:

• high cost (starting price starts from 40,000 rubles);
• implants with full dental prosthetics are installed for a long time (sometimes up to six months);
• there is a risk of possible rejection;
• implantation of a screw pin into the upper jaw is fraught with the risk of damaging the maxillary sinus;
• there are absolute contraindications.

In the photo, the results of prosthetics in the absence of all teeth in a row:

Differences in full implantation of the upper and lower jaw

When the prosthetics of the upper dentition takes place using the implantation of dental implants, some difficulties may arise.

Implantation of the upper jaw in the absence of teeth is difficult due to the following features of the anatomical structure:

• bone tissue is less dense than the lower jaw, so engraftment is slower;
• rapid development of atrophic processes;
• an inaccurate operation can violate the integrity of the maxillary sinuses, there is a danger of damage to the trigeminal nerve;
• high aesthetic requirements.

With prosthetics of the lower jaw, the process of engraftment of artificial "roots" occurs much faster due to the dense structure of the bone-type tissue. This anatomical feature also helps to reduce the likelihood of atrophic processes, inflammation of the soft tissues occurs in rare cases.

It should be borne in mind that implants in the upper jaw take root a little less often compared to full prosthetics of the lower one. At the same time, prosthetics of the upper jaw row brings aesthetic requirements to the fore, while the bottom row must be functional and stable due to the constant loads arising during the act chewing.

Methods of prosthetics in the complete absence of teeth, how many implants are placed

In the absence of a dentition, three types of implantation are used. They provide functionality when performing the act of chewing, but each case has a different number of screw pins.

There are the following types of prosthetics for complete adentia:

1. Removable dentures. This technique is suitable for people who wore conventional full dentures, but could not get used to them. In this case, prosthetics on the lower jaw involves the introduction of 2 to 4 implants, which are fixed by means of spherical abutments. For the upper jaw, implantation of 4 to 6 screw pins is optimal. The technique is distinguished by a relatively inexpensive price and good fixation.
2. Fixed method. Fast adaptation and natural visualization of the dentition are the main advantages of this type of prosthetics. If the technique is used on the upper jaw, it will be optimal to install from 6 to 8 implants. All-on-4 - this method allows a complete denture to be placed on the lower jaw by implanting 4 pins, two of which are installed at an angle of 45 °.
3. Conditionally removable prosthetics. In this case, the plastic gum serves as the base of the prosthesis. A single metal arc (clasp). This design provides stable fixation, even if there are signs of atrophic changes in the bone tissue. At the same time, it is impossible to remove this structure on your own. This can be done by the dentist if it is necessary to correct the prosthesis.

To restore a completely missing dentition, you need 12 to 14 implantable units. In this case, it is important that the patient has a sufficient amount of tissue, and the remote location of the branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Fully edentulous mini-implants

Loss of the dentition causes the development of atrophic processes, which leads to a deficiency of bone tissue. This situation makes it relevant to use mini-implants in the absence of teeth.

The procedure has practically no contraindications and is painless.

These products have the following features:

• differ from the usual screw pin in size (4 times smaller);
• at the end there is a spherical base with a rubber ring;
• stable fixation is carried out by snapping the lock connection;
• provides the ability to use a removable and non-removable structure.

Price

The price for a complete implantation may differ significantly depending on the region of Russia, the status of the dental clinic, as well as the type of material used and the manufacturer.

The economy option will be the following types of products:

• with a metal-plastic crown from Swiss manufacturers (Roott company) - 41,000 rubles;
• metal-ceramic crown - 60,000 rubles;
• with coronal part made of zirconium - 70,000 RUB

The price of full jaw prosthetics will be in the range of 280,000 rubles.

The Israeli company AlphaBio offers its products from cermets at a price of 35,000 rubles. Zirconium crowns have an initial cost of 50,000 rubles.

Denture implantation technologies in rare cases cause rejection, which ensures high quality prosthetics. However, this procedure cannot be called generally available, since the high cost limits the scope. Therefore, it has not yet become widespread among people of retirement age, because they are included in the group of people with low material wealth.