Rough tongue: reasons (what is it), with a white coating, uneven edges, taste zones

Healthy language should be moist, smooth and pink in color. The formation of a thin layer of whitish plaque is allowed. Visually, this organ may appear velvety due to the well-viewed papillae. However, in some cases, it can change its color and texture, which in most cases signals development diseases. If your tongue has become rough, you should think about your health.

Causes

Experts divide the surface of the tongue into five parts, depending on which organ they are responsible for:

• the lateral surface on the left and right (the right one is responsible for the excretory system, the left one is for the liver);
• middle area (behind the spleen and stomach);
• tip (behind the heart and lungs);
• the back wall (for the functionality of the kidneys, the digestive system).

In the photo there are zones responsible for taste:

Organ projections:

When diagnosing pathologies of the oral cavity organ, the doctor relies on these data.

There are many reasons for provoking the roughness of the tongue:

• an infection in the intestines;
• severe dehydration of the body: when this appears dry mouth;
• hepatic pathologies;
• disruption of the stomach and gallbladder, 12-duodenum: in this case, roughness is accompanied by the formation bitterness in the mouth, and with the development of gastritis and duodenitis, flaky areas on the tongue may appear.
• diseases of the thyroid gland;
• excess or lack of nutrient compounds in the body;
• prolonged use of antibiotic drugs in excessive amounts;
• chronic tonsillitis;
• reproduction of fungal microorganisms in the human body;
• glossitis;
• the development of diabetes mellitus, disruptions in the functionality of the endocrine system: in this case, on the surface of a rough organ appear cracks;
• diseases of the spleen, heart and kidneys: in this case, the pathology is accompanied by swelling.
• blood diseases: possible formation ulcer of varying severity and volume.

Also, the appearance of roughness and irritation in the tongue and throat can be associated with thermal or chemical burn.

Roughness and other signs - what is it

White bloom

The flattening of the tongue after waking up is a normal physiological phenomenon. During sleep, food particles, keratinized epithelium, mucin (protein breakdown product) accumulate in the mouth.

Also, the appearance of white plaque can be caused by alcohol abuse, smoking, prolonged use of medications, dehydration.

By location white bloom on a rough organ of the oral cavity, you can find out about the reason for its appearance:

• the central part signals gastric diseases;
• at the end - about heart diseases;
• at the root - about intestinal pathologies;
• along the edges - about diseases of the spleen or liver;
• on the back of this organ - about the disturbed work of the pancreas;
• in heaven - about development candidiasis;
• in the area of ​​the tonsils - about the disease of sore throat.

Also, the villi on the surface of the tongue can become white due to the excessive use of fermented milk products, sweets, antibiotic drugs.

Dryness

The feeling of a dry mouth can be attributed to insufficient salivation.

In most cases, dry mouth occurs with a runny nose, polyps, or a deviated nasal septum. With a stuffy nose, a person most often breathes through the mouth, which leads to the drying out of the tongue.

Dryness may indicate dehydration, especially if this symptom is accompanied by fever, vomiting, diarrhea.

Drying in the mouth can occur due to frequent smoking or alcohol abuse, as well as in the form of a side effect of the use of medications. In addition, this symptom may occur due to the development of certain diseases:

• diabetes mellitus;
• Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease;
• stroke;
• anemia;
• hypotension;
• Sjogren's syndrome;
• rheumatoid arthritis;
• HIV infection.

A dry tongue with a white coating may indicate:

• disturbed process of keratinization of cells of filamentous papillae;
• disease with glossitis or stomatitis;
• drug abuse;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (ulcerative lesions, gastritis, pancreatitis, oncology of the digestive organs);
• thrush of the oral cavity;
• intoxication of the body;
• heart, lung and kidney diseases;
• weakening of immunity;
• disruption of the endocrine system.

When these phenomena appear, it is worth seeking advice from a doctor.

Jagged edges

Jagged edges of the tongue are not considered a hazardous condition. This phenomenon is a consequence of the development of diseases in the body. The reasons for the formation of a dentate include:

1. Macroglossia (swelling). As a result of the occurrence of this pathology, an increase in the organ occurs, as a result of which there are teeth prints.
2. Dehydration.
3. Hypothyroidism In the presence of this disease, puffiness may appear not only of the tongue, but also of the face.
4. Disruptions in the functionality of the thyroid gland.
5. Diseases of the circulatory system.
6. Bad habits (clenching the jaws or pressing an organ against the teeth for a long time, which can cause anxiety).
7. Lack of vitamins and minerals.
8. Syndrome temporomandibular joint.
9. Chronic bladder or liver disease.
10. The body's response to using toothpaste and low-quality sugary foods containing inexpensive dyes.
11. Poisoning with salts of heavy metals.

Also, irregularities in the tongue can signal disturbances in the functioning of the digestive system or diseases of the paranasal sinuses.

Tuberosity

Factors provoking the formation of a bumpy tongue can be:

• enlarged taste buds (papillae) on an organ in the oral cavity;
• heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux disease;
• malfunctions of the pancreas;
• sexually transmitted diseases;
• diabetes;
• trauma to the tongue during surgical treatment or hard cleaning of the organ;
• warts with papilloma virus;
• stomatitis.
• impaired metabolism.
• thrush in the mouth, common or candidal glossitis.
• leukoplakia.

In addition, bumps can occur with a weakened immune system, emotional overstrain, hormonal imbalance, celiac disease.

Diagnostics and treatment

Any changes in the language indicate the development of the disease, a shortage or excess of various compounds in the human body. In medicine, there is the concept of linguodiagnostics. It means obtaining information about the state of the body by studying the linguistic surface.

If mucous membrane in the mouth became unpleasant to the touch, rough and other signs appeared, you should visit a therapist, who, in turn, will refer the patient to a dentist, infectious disease specialist or gastroenterologist. The best time for diagnosis is in the morning. Diagnosis is done on an empty stomach. First, the doctor projects the location of the internal organs in the language, after which he notes the violations. Also, the specialist takes into account the color of the tongue, its shape, the presence of plaque and its shade, the mobility of this organ, and also various formations, as a result of which it becomes clear why roughness and other symptoms.

Light plaque can be removed with cleansing the tongue and teeth. For this, it is recommended to purchase a special scraper or brush. For better cleaning, after these actions, rinse the oral cavity with a disinfectant.

In the event that the usual cleaning of the plaque cannot be eliminated, and it is accompanied by roughness, you need to visit a doctor to diagnose a provoking disease.

In this case, the doctor will prescribe a comprehensive treatment for the underlying disease. Symptoms should disappear due to successful treatment.

In addition, it is necessary to limit the consumption of fermented milk products and sweets, as well as give up bad habits (smoking, alcohol abuse).