Gingival papillae (interdental): photo, inflammation, hypertrophy (overgrowth)

Part gums, which is located between the teeth, looks like a papilla and is responsible for fixing the dental ligaments.

When the appearance inflammation unpleasant symptoms occur in this area, this is fraught with serious complications.

To correctly determine the type of disease, you should know what the gingival papilla is, its structure and function.

We find out exactly the structure and function of the gingival papillae

The gingival papillae are also called interdental papillae because they are located between the teeth. They prevent damage to the dental ligaments.

The papillae are covered with epithelium, which does not undergo keratinization. On top of the epithelium is located mucous membranewhich protects this part from damage. The papilla consists of the marginal gum, which contains small blood vessels that saturate the root dental system with useful elements.

In the photo, the papillae on the gums:

Functions:

• protection of the root system from damage;
• fixation of the tooth in the gum;
• increased amortization of teeth during meals;
• preventing infection from entering the gums;
• promoting the penetration of beneficial components into the root dental system.

The main function is to protect the dental ligaments from the effects of solid food particles and the penetration of microbes.

Papillitis - inflammation not for an instant

What it is

Papillitis or gingival polyp is an inflammation of one or more interdental papillae, including incisor papillae. Refers to superficial inflammatory diseases, requires timely medical intervention.

Views

Papillitis can be acute and chronic.

Acute papillitis occurs suddenly and is manifested by acute pain in the interdental space. It can take the following forms:

• catarrhal;
• ulcerative;
• hypertrophic.

Chronic papillitis has been observed in humans for a long time. In this case, it can manifest itself with acute symptoms that disappear on their own after a short time (relapses and remissions).

Causes

Papillitis can occur for the following reasons:

• absence oral hygiene or incorrect execution brushing teeth;
• trauma to the gums by hard objects;
• burns oral mucosa;
• injury during elimination dental calculus;
• allergic reactions to food;
• inflammation of the gums during pregnancy, this is due to a violation of the hormonal background;
• the use of orthopedic structures that can rub the gums and lead to an inflammatory process;
• the presence of microbial diseases in the oral cavity;
• accumulation of tartar in the spaces between the teeth;
• bad habits;
• the use of drugs for a long time;
• reduced immunity;
• teething in children.

Also, in some cases, the inflammatory process in the papilla on the gum can cause diseases of the heart and digestive system.

Symptoms

Papillitis can present with different symptoms depending on the degree of damage.

In some cases, symptoms may be mild and increase with a decrease in the protective properties of the immune system. When pathogenic microorganisms penetrate the gums, secretion of pus in the area of ​​the papillae.

Coagulation and other treatments

When symptoms of the disease appear, it is necessary to consult a dentist who will diagnose and identify the causes that caused the inflammation.

The main method of treatment is coagulation. This is a method of cauterizing the damaged area. Coagulation can be carried out by the following methods:

1. Heated instrument. Dental spatula heats up, inflammatory places are cauterized. This method allows you to eliminate bleeding, harmful microorganisms, small ulcers.
2. Electrocoagulator. There is a loop on a special nozzle, with the help of which the cauterization is performed. The tool works from the electrical network, you can set various modes.
3. Laser - it is used most often for those cases when the papillae grow and seals appear. After this type of moxibustion, no traces remain and there is no risk of infection.

There are other treatments for inflammation:

1. The use of antihistamines if papillitis is the result of an allergic reaction.
2. Orthodontic exposure - used for patients under 30 years old. To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, cast tabs and special crownsthat restore the gum structure.
3. Anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief, such as Holisal, MundizalMost often used for cases when the causes of the disease are microorganisms.
4. Antibiotics reduce pain symptoms, have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Assigned individually for each person (for example, gel Metrogyl Denta, Asepta).

For complex treatment, it is necessary to use medicinal pastes and conditioners for the care of the oral cavity.

Effects

Other defeats of considerable importance

If the interdental papilla hurts, you should determine the type of disease that caused the process of inflammation.

Gingivitis

This is an inflammation of the gums without compromising the integrity of the periodontal junction. The following types of gingivitis are distinguished:

1. Catarrhal - swelling and redness of the gums. A person feels pain and itching in the affected area, especially after eating food.
2. Ulcerative necrotic - the appearance of ulcers. It manifests itself in pain and unpleasant odor.
3. Hypertrophic - the papillae increase in size and turn red. Can partially cover the tooth and, if untreated, begin bleed.
4. Atrophic - the papillae decrease in size, due to which the dental ligaments are exposed.

With a timely visit to the dentist, gingivitis disappears in 7-10 days. With absence gingivitis treatment can progress to a destructive form of disease periodontium — periodontitis.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis Is inflammation periodontium, that is, the tissues surrounding the root, which are responsible for how reliably the tooth is held in place in jaw. If untreated, the disease affects the root system and tissues that are located around the affected tooth. Most often manifested by symptoms acute pain and discharge of pus from the gums.

It can be of the following type:

• apical - the lesion occurs in the area of ​​the root system;
• marginal periodontitis - the gums are affected, most often in the interdental space.

The disease can proceed without visible symptoms and lead to complete loss of a tooth, infection of adjacent tissues. Also, the disease can have acute symptoms and manifest itself in the form of small formations on the papillae with pus inside.

Fibromatosis

Fibromatosis of the gums Is a tumor-like lesion of periodontal tissues, which is manifested by hypertrophy of the gingival margin, papillae or the entire alveolar gum.

Most often it develops in young people. Often detected in children during the period eruptions temporary or permanent teeth. Signs are observed mainly in women.

Treatment of gum fibromatosis consists of surgical excision of the overgrown gums.