With diabetes diet, proper nutrition plays a crucial role. After all, diabetes is a disease associated with a metabolic disorder. If to speak very briefly and simplistically, with diabetes mellitus as a result of disruption of the normal functioning of the pancreas, the production of insulin, the hormone responsible for the digestion of sugar by the body, is reduced. As a result, an increased level of sugar in the blood, which can lead to the most unpleasant consequences. ..
Currently, there are about 150 million diabetics in the world, including 8 million in Russia. According to forecasts, these figures can be doubled in 15 years.
Proper dietary intake in diabetes is of paramount importance. Correctly picking a diet for diabetes, with a mild( and often with an average severity) form of type 2 diabetes mellitus, you can minimize medication, or even do without it.
Restriction of carbohydrates and fats is the basis of a diet for diabetes.
First and foremost, and it is unlikely that it will be for someone to discover, with diabetes it is necessary to limit the intake of digestible carbohydrates. This is sugar, honey, jam and jams, sweets, buns and other sweets, sweet fruits and berries: grapes, bananas, raisins, dates. Quite often there are even recommendations to completely exclude these foods from the diet, but this is really necessary only with a severe form of diabetes. With a mild and moderate, subject to regular monitoring of blood sugar, the use of a small amount of sugar and sweets is entirely acceptable.
Recently, as a result of a number of studies, it has been established that the high content of fats in the blood contributes to the progression of diabetes. Therefore, limiting the use of fatty foods in diabetes is no less important than restricting sweets. The total amount of fats used in the free form and for cooking( cream and vegetable oil, fat, cooking fats) should not exceed 40 grams per day, it is also necessary to limit the consumption of other foods containing large amounts of fat( fatty meat, sausages,sausages, cheese, sour cream, mayonnaise).
Also it is necessary to seriously limit, and it is better not to eat fried, sharp, salty, spicy and smoked dishes, canned food, pepper, mustard, alcoholic beverages.
And it's really not good for diabetics products containing many fats and carbohydrates at the same time: chocolate, cream ice cream, cream cakes and cakes. .. That's better to exclude them completely from the ration.
Nutritional guidelines for diabetes mellitus
It is recommended to use the following products for diabetes:
- Bread - up to 200 grams per day, mostly black or special diabetic.
- Soups, mainly vegetable. Soups, cooked on a weak meat or fish broth, can be consumed no more than twice a week.
- Low-fat meat, poultry( up to 100 grams per day) or fish( up to 150 grams per day) in a boiled or jellied form.
- Dishes and side dishes of cereals, legumes, pasta can be afforded occasionally, in small quantities, reducing these days the consumption of bread. From cereals it is better to eat oatmeal and buckwheat, also millet, pearl barley, rice cereals are also permissible. But manku is better to exclude.
- Vegetables and greens. Potatoes, beets, carrots are recommended to use no more than 200 grams per day. But other vegetables( cabbage, lettuce, radish, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and herbs( except spicy) can be consumed almost unrestrictedly in raw and cooked form, occasionally in the liver.
- Eggs - no more than 2 pieces per day: soft-boiled, in the form of an omelette or when using other dishes.
- Fruits and berries of sour and sweet and sour varieties( apples antonovku, oranges, lemons, cranberries, red currants. ..) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
- Milk - with the permission of the doctor. Sour-milk products( yogurt, yogurt, unsweetened yogurt) - 1-2 glasses a day. Cheese, sour cream, cream - occasionally and slightly.
- Cottage cheese with diabetes is recommended to be consumed daily, up to 100-200 grams per day in kind or in the form of cottage cheese, cheese cakes, puddings, casseroles. Cottage cheese, as well as oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bran, rosehip improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent fatty liver changes.
- Drinks. Green or black tea is allowed, it is possible with milk, not strong coffee, tomato juice, juices from berries and fruit of acid varieties.
To take food for diabetes should be at least 4 times a day, and better - 5-6 times, at the same time. Food should be rich in vitamins, micro- and macro elements. Try to diversify your diet as much as possible, because the list of products allowed for diabetes is not small at all.
And one more important remark. If your doctor advises you on a diet that is in some way contrary to what is written on this page - obey it! Only a doctor, knowing the history of your illness, seeing the results of tests and your current condition, can properly assess the situation and give recommendations that are most suitable for you and right now.