The gap between the teeth: what does it mean, what is it called, what it says

Physical defects in a person's appearance often bring discomfort and psychological problems.

One of these physiological disorders in the development of the dentoalveolar system - a gap between the teeth - can cause a number of other difficulties associated with food consumption and speaking.

Definition of what is called in medicine

The gap between the teeth is a large, from 0.3 to 0.7 mm, disproportionate gap separating 2 teeth (central incisors) of the upper jaw, sometimes lower, in medical practice called "diástema" (diastema), which in translation from Greek means "interval".

Diastema is a dental anomaly, which is a common problem for many patients, but most of it does not bother, and even makes it a kind of "trick", giving the appearance of individuality. If the gap is large and causes speech problems, then such cases require careful investigation and elimination.

Chips that can be found in any dentition or throughout the jaw, but not between the front incisors, are called "three", it is often confused with a diastema. This disease has other causes and excellent treatments.

Causes of occurrence

There are many reasons for the appearance of a gap between the frontal units of the upper or lower rows, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the human body and lifestyle.

The factors that contribute to the appearance of a gap can be not only biological (genetics), but also natural, external.

First of all, a chordee may begin to appear in a child during the period of changing milk teeth to permanent ones, in case of violation of the timing or improper growth, early removal.

Common causes of teeth chipping:

• heredity;
• improperly grown frenum of the upper lip;
• absence in a number of one or more teeth (adentia), due to which the rest may be displaced;
• presence of dental diseases periodontium;
• placing more teeth (polyodontics, hyperodontia, supradentia);
• compaction or overgrowth of the bone tissue of the palate;
• bad habits: biting nails, biting objects, pipe smoking, and the baby has a habit of holding in his mouth pacifier;
• wide jaw, not comparable to the size of the teeth.

Fractures can also be the cause jaw injury, the development of dental and other diseases of internal organs, impaired swallowing function.

Is there a danger

A small gap that appears due to a hereditary predisposition and does not bring discomfort is not dangerous.

Teeth with a chipped tooth, received after an injury or as a result of a complex dental disease, bring significant inconvenience during eating and communication, and require treatment.

To remove or leave a gap is the decision of the person himself. In the case when the defect disrupts the patient's full life, diction, brings pain, one should resort to dental care.

Varieties of diastema

Diastema has several classifications.

The first type includes false and true diastema:

1. A false chorch occurs during the formation and change of the milk bite, characteristic of childhood, and can be eliminated on its own.
2. True diastema can remain after the formation of permanent teeth and bite, for physiological or other reasons. Requires professional treatment.

By the shape of the structure, they are distinguished:

• symmetrical diastema, which is characterized by a uniform distance of the incisors from each other;
• asymmetric diastema: appears due to the deviation of one incisor to the side, the other remains in a natural position.

There are several types of crowns and roots in accordance with the classification of F.Ya. Khoroshilkina:

1. Lateral deviation of the crowns, while maintaining the normal position of the tooth root and apex, the cause of this phenomenon may be polyodontics.
2. Corpusal lateral change in the distance between the teeth due to the absence of one or more teeth, with compaction of bone tissue, the presence of a low-located frenum.
3. The incisor crowns are tilted medially, with lateral root deflection present.

How to get rid of a defect

Dentistry has many different ways to eliminate the aesthetic defect of the diastema, it all depends on the indications and financial capabilities of the patient. Before determining the method of eliminating the gap, the patient must pass tests and undergo diagnostic procedures, radiography, orthopantomography and consultations with a dentist-therapist, orthodontist, orthopedist, surgeon.

Braces

Braces - one of the most effective systems that allow you to eliminate the imperfections of the dentition, but it has an unaesthetic appearance, and also causes difficulty in caring for the oral cavity. They are installed in the presence of gaps between the teeth, including diastema, abnormal growth and curvature of the dentition.

LPs

The plates are made of high quality plastic and are attached to special springs and hooks. The disadvantage of this method is that the plate does not move the teeth in the right direction, but only keeps them in the correct position and, for several weeks, months, pulls them together.

Mouthguards

Mouthguards are made individually from polymeric materials. Effectively eliminate teeth chipping due to rigid fixation of incisors and canines according to the sheath principle. They have a significant plus - they are almost invisible and create a visual effect brightening enamel.

Veneers

Veneers made of different composite materials or porcelain, made on an individual basis in the desired shade, which allows you to hide not only defects, but also to protect the teeth from external influences. The procedure for removing the chipping takes 1-2 hours without grinding the enamel. But this method is used in the absence of complex diseases or developmental anomalies.

Lumineers

Lumineers are designed to eliminate an aesthetic defect, while they are very thin, high-quality plates that allow you to close the gap and make your teeth a few shades lighter. The procedure does not require grinding the enamel.

Crowns

Crowns are made according to individual indications. This is a non-removable structure made of different materials: ceramics, metal, plastics. Installation requires several visits to the dentist, crowns will last 10-15 years. The disadvantage of this method is the grinding of the teeth before installation.

Implants

Implants are made for each patient individually, used in cases where teeth are missing in a row, which caused the formation of a gap. An expensive procedure, but completely restores the functionality of the incisors.

Cosmetic correction

Correction is performed with small cracks, placing a filling in place. The cost of the procedure is inexpensive, but there is a significant disadvantage - the filling can change color and fall out after a few years.

Art restoration

Art restoration Is a cosmetic procedure that involves the application of polymer composite materials over layers and their fixation using an ultraviolet lamp. The procedure is performed within a few hours, the service life is up to 15 years, but at the same time it requires a reduction in the load on the cutters.

Surgical plastic

An operation that involves changing an abnormal frenulum or overgrown bone tissue. After that, you need to use one of the orthodontic constructions, which will reduce the distance between the teeth.

To prevent the formation of a crack between the teeth, you should follow the rules oral hygiene, eliminate bad habits, eat healthy food and visit the dentist every six months.