The main causes and characteristics of different types of thrombosis

Various vascular diseases are becoming more common these days. The deterioration of the ecological situation, a sedentary lifestyle, a predilection for bad habits - all this does not benefit our vessels.

Doctors note a sad fact - vascular diseases become "younger" with each year .

Therefore, one should be aware of the prerequisites for the development of such diseases, risk factors and symptoms in order to begin timely treatment.

One of the most dangerous diseases of blood vessels is thrombosis.

Thrombosis is a vascular disease that occurs as a result of the blood clotting( ), which results in impaired vascular patency.

Thus, as a result of thrombosis, normal blood circulation is disrupted, and a complete occlusion of the lumen of the vein or artery may occur.

Thrombosis should be distinguished from phlebothrombosis, which is characterized by inflammation of the walls of venous vessels. However, often thrombosis can be accompanied by phlebotrombosis, so many doctors call it the same disease.

Many believe that thrombosis affects only the venous vessels of the lower extremities.

This is not true, although the veins of the legs are most susceptible to this disease, in 70% of cases, thrombosis affects them. And deep vein thrombosis of the thigh and popliteal limb is considered the most dangerous.

However, this disease can be localized in any other vessels, both venous and arterial. Distinguish venous thrombosis( deep veins, renal veins, portal hepatic vein and other types) and arterial thrombosis.

risk factors and causesvenous thrombosis

As with any disease, thrombosis has so-called "risk factors" - those reasons that can be indirectbrazom provoke the development of thrombosis. To them, can be attributed:

• adherence to bad habits( especially negatively on the circulation of blood affects smoking);
• presence of excess weight;
• sedentary lifestyle, frequent sitting or standing, prolonged immobility;
• surgery or fractures of bones;
• suffered heart and vascular diseases( heart attack, heart failure).
• in women - taking oral contraceptives and pregnancy, delivery through cesarean;
• taking certain drugs that increase blood clotting;
• long air travel;
• old age.

Among the causes of thrombosis, we can distinguish three main:

• blood composition and its quality( namely, increased coagulability);
• condition of vessel walls( presence of lesions);
• character of blood circulation.

Below we present the main reasons that can trigger the development of thrombosis:

1. Dehydration of the body. If the body lacks fluids, the blood becomes more viscous, as a result of which its circulation slows down and the risk of blood clots significantly increases. Therefore, thrombosis can be the result of severe burns, infectious diseases, as well as banal inadequate fluid intake.
2. Immobilized position for more than 3 days. This especially applies to the immobility of the feet. In the absence of muscle contraction, blood flow is disturbed, blood circulation slows down considerably, which can lead to blood clots.
3. Serious injuries, damaged the integrity of the vessels.
4. Surgical intervention, surgery on veins. Conducting operations can trigger the formation of thrombi, however, as a rule, these blood clots are small and do not lead to the development of thrombosis.
5. Congenital malformation of blood or increased coagulability, acquired as a result of a transferred disease( for example, oncology).

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of thrombosis will differ depending on its location.

Symptoms of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities

The process of deep vein thrombosis is dangerous because it can go unnoticed, there may not be obvious symptoms. But we will give some basic symptoms of vein thrombosis of the lower extremities:

1. Pain sensations in the gastrocnemius muscle. This symptom does not appear in every case, but it is an alarm signal. Especially if the pain increases with movement in the ankle joint.
2. Edema of the legs , especially the lower parts of the limbs, approximately to the middle of the shin. Edema can rise higher if the thrombosis has captured the vein of the thigh or pelvis. In combination with pain, puffiness is a signal that a doctor should be examined.
3. Redness of some areas of skin .As a rule, with thrombosis, the area of ​​the skin in the area of ​​formation of the thrombus can turn red, be warmer and dense to the touch.
4. Sensitization of the skin of the lower extremities .
5. Symptomatic thrombosis of deep veins of the legs can become the appearance of shortness of breath, lack of air, and sudden loss of consciousness, dizziness. These are manifestations of thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery, which can be a complication of thrombosis. In the presence of such signs it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately.

Symptoms and procedures for treatment of deep and superficial venous thrombosis of lower extremities

Deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities is a very common disease. This is the formation of thrombi in the lower extremities in the lumen of the deep veins. ...

Thrombosis of the femoral vein

Symptoms of thrombosis of the femoral vein ( Ileofemoral thrombosis):

1. Strong edema of the legs ( single or both).
2. Change in the color of the skin ( the skin may become bluish or, conversely, blush strongly).Also, dots of brownish color may appear on the skin.
3. Painful sensations in the legs, in the groin .The pain will be intensified in the process of aggravation of the patient's condition.
4. Sometimes there may be temperature rise .

Symptoms of thrombosis of the hemorrhoidal node

The following is the main :

• increase in hemorrhoidal nodes ( because this type of thrombosis is more often a complication of hemorrhoids);
• pain , itching in the anus;
• in some cases - body temperature increase .

Why it is important to identify the symptoms of thrombosis of the external hemorrhoidal node and immediately begin treatment

Hemorrhoids is a disease characterized by the expansion of the venous vessels of the rectum, resulting in the formation of three bases on the anal canal wall.

Symptoms of mesenteric vein thrombosis

In the early stages of venous thrombosisintestine is difficult to detect, this is the danger of intestinal vein thrombosis.

Therefore, we recommend that you pay special attention to your health, and it is better even to pass a preventive examination with a doctor, especially if you are exposed to risk factors.

The main characteristic sign of intestinal vein thrombosis is a dull pain in the abdomen, which does not stop for several days.

Also with intestinal thrombosis there are such symptoms:

• bloating;
• elevated temperature;
• nausea, vomiting;
• weakness, general deterioration of well-being.

Mesenteric vascular thrombosis - timely treatment and diagnosis the only chance for life

Mesenteric vascular thrombosis is a violation of mesenteric blood flow due to mechanical obstruction of the vessel. Occlusion leads to the emergence of. ..

Symptoms of portal vein thrombosis

As a rule, this disease develops as a complication of other liver diseases: cirrhosis, pancreatitis, malignant neoplasms.

Key symptoms:

• pain in the liver( right hypochondria);
• abdomen may increase in size( ascites);
• is sometimes a symptom of vomiting with blood, especially if thrombosis develops as a result of cirrhosis.

Thrombosis of the portal vein of the retina

This disease is also almost impossible to detect. But if one eye gradually begins to see worse - this is an occasion for a careful examination, since loss of vision can be a symptom of thrombosis.

Finally, it should be noted once again that thrombosis is a very serious and dangerous disease. If you notice any worrisome symptoms, do not hesitate, seek advice from a therapist or phlebologist( specialist in venous diseases).

Treatment of thrombosis is best to begin as early as possible, this will avoid serious health consequences for the whole body.