Is it easy to grow onions in a dacha or a plot near the house? This is not so difficult if you know some of the subtleties of agricultural technology of this culture. It is often grown not from seeds, but from onion. It is a small bulb, which is specially grown from black cherry. How to plant a bow onion? What are the varieties of this culture?
Which varieties are suitable for growing
Onion-sowing there are different varieties. They differ in form, color, size, taste, yield, maturity, price. Small varieties with the size of bulbs 10-15 mm are recommended for planting for the winter, and medium-sized( 15.1-22 mm) and multi-cavity( 22.1-40 mm) - planted in the spring. Consider the characteristics of some varieties of onion-sowing:
- Stuttgart Riesen - this variety is widely used in Russia. The onion has a sharp taste, has a round / elongated and slightly flattened shape and a brown color. Ripens within 90 days and yields a high yield.
- Centurion - perfectly grows in any climate. It has an ovoid shape, a brown surface of scales and a white interior. Middle-aged.
- Hercules is a yellow onion with a large ellipsoidal head. This plant is planted throughout Russia.
- Red Baron has scales and a juicy part of red color. This type of onion is distinguished by a pleasant semi-acute taste. Gives a good harvest and is well kept.
In addition to the listed species, Sturon, Stur BS-20, Orion, Stardust, Carmen, Chalcedony, Ellan are very popular. When purchasing onions, pay attention to the fact that it had a flat surface, was dense and there were no signs of mechanical damage, rot, spoilage, stains. Useful advice on the selection of varieties of sowing is given on the cognitive video:
When it is better to plant onion onions in the open ground
Onions are recommended to plant onions once frost has passed and the air temperature exceeds the 10 degree mark. Early planting in spring helps to grow a large turnip, and late is undesirable, because as a result of drying the upper layer of the earth the plant can not fully ripen. In the southern regions of Russia, Ukraine, the season of landing of the nesting season falls at the end of March and beginning of April, and in other places at the end of April and the beginning of May.
Spring end of April - beginning of May
Planting time in the vegetable garden depends on the temperature conditions. With an early warm spring, the onion is planted at the end of April, and when late, wait for the soil to warm to the depth of the finger, and only then plant the plant. It is not recommended to plant the sowing until the land warms up to 12 degrees, otherwise it will negatively affect the yield of this crop.
However, it is not too late to plant this plant in spring, because in this case the onion will slow down due to a lack of moisture, and the bulbs will not develop to normal size. To this plant quickly and well grow, it should be abundant and regularly watered. If the onion starts to shoot, then it is necessary to break off the processes in a timely manner.
Planting in summer in June
In summer, truck farmers plant onion sowing for forcing out a feather. To obtain green leaves, the following varieties are suitable: shallots, chives, family, brass. To get long and juicy young stems, plants need watering every day, regularly thin out and do not forget about feeding. Depending on the type of sowing, forcing the feather can last 20-60 days.
How to make a landing
How to plant a bow onions? It grows well only on loose, fertile land. Loamy and sandy loam soils are ideal for this plant, because they have high water permeability and moisture capacity. It is not advisable to plant this crop in acidified earth. Onions can not be planted for several consecutive years in the same place, because the larvae of pests remain in the earth, and the fertile properties of the soil are depleted.
To achieve good yield, this plant is best planted on the plots where cabbage, tomatoes, peas, potatoes, zucchini, beans or other beans grew in the previous year. It should be noted that it is not worthwhile to fertilize the ground just before planting, because this will only slow down the development of the bulbs, but will accelerate the growth of the pen. To bring manure to the soil is better for the culture that will grow on the site before planting onions.
Before planting the seed in the ground bulb must be heated for 8 hours at a temperature of 40 degrees, and then hold for 20 minutes in a solution of copper sulfate. The plants are planted in a row so that the distances between the large bulbs are 10 cm, and the small - 5 cm. Between the rows, it is recommended to make a distance of 20 cm. The planted bulbs are sprinkled with loose earth with a layer of 2 cm.
Soil temperature and depth of disembarkation
Depth of seeding should be 2-3 cm, i.е.The bulb should be in the upper and moist soil layer. This arrangement favorably influences the development of the plant and helps to obtain a great harvest. If the bulb is planted deeper than 3 cm, then there is a possibility that the ripening process will be delayed. And in the case of shallow planting( less than 2 cm), the plant will suffer from moisture deficiencies and because of this it will slowly develop, and then die. Planting of sowing is necessary in the ground, the temperature of which is about 12 degrees.
What to do if the feather turns yellow
The onion is not a whimsical culture and grows without problems. However, there are cases when the plant begins to yellow feather. If this happens at the end of July, then this indicates that the onion is ripe and harvest must be harvested. And if the yellowness on the leaves appears in early June, then this indicates that the plant is something that prevents it from developing properly. This can contribute to various causes: pests, lack of nitrogen and / or moisture. To save onions from yellowness the following folk recipes help:
- In 10 liters of warm water, pour ½ cup of salt, 3 cups of ash and 1 ampoule of ammonia. Water the planting of onions 1 time in 10 days.
- To the half of the bucket of water add ½ st.l.iodine, 2 bags of potassium permanganate, 0.5 kg of soda. The resulting solution has a strong concentration. For watering the onions, the mixture is diluted with water, the proportion is 1:10.
- Irrigation of a garden bed with onion solution of potassium permanganate.
How to grow onion seeds from the seeds of the house
The onion for the second year gives the seeds, which are called black cherry. They are used to grow onion sowing. It can be grown on the windowsill in winter or in spring and summer in the ground. Before planting, the black one is pre-soaked in water for 3 hours at room temperature, and then kept in wet matter for 2 or 3 days. When the seeds start to germinate, they are dried. Chernushku sow densely to a depth of 2 cm, and then fill the furrows with peat or humus. To obtain a large sowing, it is necessary to regularly thin out the shoots.
Plants should be fed with a liquid mullein, prepared by mixing 1 liter of Mullein and 10 liters of water. Ten liters of this top dressing is treated with 1 square meter.m plot with planted seeds. Watering this fertilizer soil with crops is a prevention against powdery mildew. Seeds with seeds must be regularly loosened and weeded. Dig down the sowing after the leaves are wilted and lodged. After harvesting the onion, it is dried and the tops removed. Store at a temperature of 16-18 degrees.