Cervical erosion requires a serious examination, which results in treatment. This is the only way to get rid of this disease most effectively and without any consequences, choosing conservative tactics or more serious methods. What tests should be done when the cervix is eroded is determined by the doctor in the light of the clinical situation, but there is a certain list of the most frequently used ones. What should I look for?
Reasons for the
examination The concept of "cervical erosion""Often include any changes in the cervical epithelium visible when viewed in mirrors. Therefore, sometimes it is difficult to judge the choice of a particular treatment without seeing the entire clinical picture.
The true erosion of the cervix is a tissue defect of 1 to 2 cm. This is an "ulcer", which is a consequence of an acute inflammatory process. But for a short time the surface of it is epithelialized, gradually it disappears. Therefore, it is possible to fix true erosion rather infrequently, it is more often necessary to face its consequences.
The term "cervical erosion" also in most cases includes the following:
- Ectopia is a condition that is diagnosed in young and often nulliparous girls. It is related to the incomplete growth of the cervix, as a result of which the part that should be inside the cervical canal( cylindrical epithelium), looks outward. Visually this is defined as the correct form of rounded redness. Gynecologists, claiming that this is erosion, often mislead young girls and frighten them. In fact, more often than not, one simply observes this state.
- Ectropion - is a violation of the anatomy of the cervix, its outward turn. This condition is formed due to injuries, ruptures, including after childbirth. Ectropion may cause erosion. Gradually healing, they form pseudostem cysts - glands, covered with epithelium from above. They do not pose a particular danger, but for larger sizes it is still better to remove them. Often, ectropion is equated with cicatricial cervical deformities.
We recommend to read an article about the treatment of cervical erosion without moxibustion. From it you will learn about the effectiveness of non-surgical therapy, drug treatment, the drugs used.
Thus, several diseases of the cervix are visually determined identically, with different treatment tactics. Carrying out a full survey of "erosion", the doctor determines the true causes of it, which helps determine the most effective ways to deal with it. Also, carrying out complex studies, the following objectives are pursued:
- It is determined whether the changes in the cervix are due to sexual infection, postpartum trauma, etc. This fundamentally affects the tactics of treatment.
- Is there dysplastic changes in pathological foci? CIN 1, 2 and 3 are precancerous conditions that require a certain approach and further observation. If you do not detect dysplasia in time, you can "heal" before the oncological disease is already at the initial stage.
- The survey specifies whether a woman is a carrier of viruses that can provoke cancer - this is HPV of different types. If available, it is at risk and must undergo special treatment to fight these pathogens. This analysis after cauterization of erosion is also, therefore, given in dynamics.
- It is specified how deeply affects the pathological process of the cervical tissue. This is necessary to choose between conservative and surgical treatment( cauterization, laser exposure, etc.).
Therefore, the quality of treatment depends on how carefully and competently the examination is performed.
Cervical erosion
Types of analyzes and their significance in the pathology of
All tests can take place in several stages. It includes a general study, in-depth and special, using special techniques and tools. It is not always necessary to go through the whole complex. What kind of tests are needed to treat erosion in a particular case can only be determined by a gynecologist, taking into account the clinical picture, the prescription of the disease, complaints and the presence of concomitant pathology.
General examination
It is carried out at the primary reception at the moment of examination on the gynecological chair. It includes the following:
| survey Purpose | |
| Smear on flora from vagina and urethra | This is a routine analysis that gives an overview of the presence of inflammation in the vagina and cervix. Also allows to identify some pathogens of STIs( trichomonads, gonococcus and others).It is important to determine whether there are manifestations of candidiasis or gardnerellez. But even an ideal smear does not allow 100% chance to exclude sexual infections and other serious conditions. |
| Smear on oncocytology, which can be performed according to different methods of | The most optimal is to carry it through the Pap test in a liquid medium, then the material from the tube can be taken for further research without conducting a second inspection. The purpose of these smears is to identify cervical cancer, as well as dysplasia of varying degrees. All this significantly changes the tactics of management. So, CIN 1 undergoes conservative treatment and passes in 80% of cases. CIN 2 requires 60% surgical treatment in the form of cauterization or the like( liquid nitrogen, laser radiation, etc.).CIN 3 - almost always an operation, when combined with the pathology of the endometrium or the presence of fibroids, it can even be the removal of the uterus. |
What tests do they take with erosion in addition? This is a common blood and urine, an HIV test, syphilis and hepatitis. In the case of detection of some diseases treatment is no longer a gynecologist, but an infectious disease specialist or a venereologist. In this case erosion of the cervix in these cases is no longer a prerogative, the main disease is being treated.
Look at the video about cervical erosion:
In-depth examination of
These tests before cauterization of erosion are mandatory, and also in most cases of conservative treatment. They include the following:
- PCR for sexual infections, namely mycoplasmas, chlamydia, ureaplasmas, trichomonads, gonococci. Identification of these pathogens requires an initial antibiotic treatment, during which erosion can also occur if it has a small size. It is better to use the PCR method real-time for the examination, which allows the most accurate determination of pathogens.
- Screening for oncogenic viruses is also of fundamental importance. It is necessary to perform PCR on HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 52, 58, 59, 67 types, and also on HSV( herpes simplex virus) 1 and 2 classes. Identification of these microorganisms immediately translates a woman into a group at increased risk for developing cervical cancer, so treatment will in some moments be more radical.
- Bacteriological culture for sexual infections of the contents of the vagina and cervix. This study is necessary in order to identify the quantitative content of bacteria in the material. Also, sowing is necessary in cases when the inflammatory process is conditioned by opportunistic microbes. PTSR and a smear for them are not informative. This study in the detection of pathogens implies a definition of sensitivity to groups of antibiotics.
And this is extremely important for drawing up a treatment regimen in the future, especially given that there are many drug-resistant microbes. It is necessary to perform bacteriological culture on myco-and ureaplasma, as well as on the overall flora of the vagina and cervix.
Special examination of
It is performed with the help of special techniques( colposcopes), instruments( for example, konkhotomy), and the material obtained during the procedures is often sent for further histological examination. As a result, the doctor receives an opinion, which indicates the extent and nature of the pathological site.
Special examination is carried out almost always, but in the second or subsequent methods. Especially these tests are important for cauterization of the cervix.
Colposcopy
This is a study using a special microscope( colposcope), where you can increase the image obtained dozens of times. This is a painless procedure, virtually indistinguishable from a routine examination in the mirrors, but more prolonged.
Allocate a simple and advanced colposcopy. In the first case, a simple examination is carried out under magnification. With an advanced colposcopy, samples( with acetic acid and iodine solution) are additionally made, which help to make pathological areas even more pronounced.
Cervical biopsy
Cervical biopsy involves the excision of a small area of tissue for further histological examination. This analysis is always taken from the most altered site in order to reveal the maximum possible changes on the cervix. In fact simultaneously, for example, there can be a dysplasia in easy and expressed degree. The final diagnosis of erosion is determined by the poorest analysis.
Biopsy can be of several kinds. Namely:
- Loop. At the same time, using a device with electrical current, a small area of tissue is excised.
- With the help of the contour of the , special "scissors-cutters" that allow you to grab the cervix and take the necessary material for examination.
- Knife using a scalpel is the most informative, but often requiring a steady-state method of taking cervical tissue. In this case, it is necessary to impose seams, which requires certain conditions and skills of the doctor.
We recommend to read an article about the monthly for erosion and after its treatment. From it you will learn about the impact of the disease on the menstrual cycle and the nature of the discharge, the causes of abundant and meager monthly, delay, possible complications after cauterization. Thus, the range of studies in the pathology of the cervix is quite large. Therefore, if there is erosion, what kind of tests should be given in a particular situation, only the gynecologist can determine. And the next study may entail several of the following, for example, if an STI is detected, etc. In any case, treat this ailment is necessary to prevent more serious diseases.