Causes, symptoms and treatment of initial caries in the stain

Every person dreams of a snow-white smile and healthy teeth. To be so, it is necessary to identify in a timely manner numerous dental diseases, the most common of which is caries.

And for this it is not enough to visit the dentist once a year, especially since the initial caries in the white spot stage is not always noticed even by him.

Begins with small - demineralization and pigmentation of enamel

In order to understand how caries develop, you need to consider the structure of the tooth. The upper solid part is enamel. Inadequate or absent hygiene leads to the multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, as a result of which a harmful bacterial plaque gradually forms on its surface.

The enamel consists of several joints. Its structure is entirely permeated with a protein matrix. Acids that affect the enamel coating for a long time, wash away the mineral components - in medicine this process is called demineralization of enamel. This is the primary reason for the development of the carious process.

The surface of the enamel is covered with small specks, the color of which is initially white. Dentists call this process caries in the stage of a white( or chalky) spot.

The enamel does not change at this stage, it looks smooth, but not so shiny. There is a decrease in its hardness and the formation of porous areas.

On the front teeth, the problem is noticeable, just look in the mirror. Not always the pathological process is limited to several teeth. Absence of therapeutic measures leads to the transition of caries to the next stage - a dark spot.

Spots are different

White spots on the enamel - this is the initial stage of caries, visual symptoms are almost absent, to understand that the crown began to break down, it is not easy. The basis for the development of the disease is bacterial plaque and food residues. As the disease progresses, the enamel will gradually lose its strength.

White caries can affect any tooth, but most often the changes are noticeable on the front. Having dried the oral cavity with a swab and looking in the mirror, you can identify the problem visually. Eliminating the carious process is easier at the initial stage of development, however many patients feel it is lightheaded and visit the dentist late.

Caries in the dark spot is the next stage in the development of the disease, which will inevitably occur if you ignore the white spots.

The lesions become dark. Disease-causing microflora more strongly destroys the tooth surface. The enamel is still strong and smooth.

The next stage is a superficial caries, in this case the disease will be cured is not so simple.

In the photo, white spots inside the mouth are the initial stage of caries, which is not easy to detect. ..

But these dark spots are easier to identify

The reason is one, the provoking factors are a lot of

Poor oral care leads to the fact that the teeth remainthe remains of food, a pellicle is formed, which in a few days turns into a raid. The best source of food for which is carbohydrates. Bacteria multiply, demineralization of enamel occurs.

Harmful bacteria secrete acids, and those, getting on the enamel, wash out important minerals and compounds. This is the main reason why the initial caries develops.

The following factors may increase the probability of developing the disease:

1. Hereditary predisposition of .In the intrauterine period, the structure of the enamel is laid. Poor nutrition of the future mother and abuse of bad habits leads to the fact that she will be weak in the child.
2. Insufficient oral care of the .The basis of dental health is proper and timely hygiene. Plaque leads to the formation of carious cavities.
3. Poor power supply .In order to enamel was strong, you need to eat foods that contain phosphorus, magnesium, calcium. Thanks to healthy food, the teeth are cleaned mechanically.
4. Properties of saliva .If it is viscous and is produced in insufficient quantities, then the natural cleansing of the oral cavity from the bacteria does not happen as it should.
5. Lack of professional care. You can be sure of oral health only after visiting the dentist. Ignoring minor problems leads to the development of other, more unpleasant. All this affects the development of the disease.

Symptoms of

The clinical picture is mild, for a long time the patient may not know the problem. The first sign of the disease - a sensation of ostomy in the mouth, appears after eating salty or sour. Discomfort is not observed in all.

Observations of dentists suggest that only 10-20% of patients seek help at the initial stage of caries development.

The main symptom that indicates the development of the disease - white or dark spots on the teeth. The shade can be different - black, gray, blue, white.

Other symptoms:

• discoloration of the teeth, which is determined visually;
• when probing instruments are delayed in the lesions, as for healthy sites, there they will simply slide;
• temperature test shows a negative value, hypersensitive enamel may have a sensation of pain.

It should be noted that only the specialist

can make a correct diagnosis. Setting the right diagnosis is the most important step to the overall success of

. Dental problems should not be ignored, and the first thing a patient should do is go to the hospital and undergo diagnostics.

In modern medicine, the following diagnostic methods for the carious process are used:

1. Drying - the fleece is wetted in hydrogen peroxide, after which the tooth is lubricated and then the air enamel is thoroughly dried. All places of defeat will immediately become noticeable.
2. Staining - the tooth enamel is dried, then the dye-marker is applied. After two or three seconds, it is washed off, and the doctor evaluates the result. Change does not lend itself to healthy tissues, which can not be said about patients, they become bright colors.
3. Radiography - on the film the carious area looks like a small spot. The method is mainly used for contact caries.
4. Transillumination is an informative method, it allows to reveal the initial caries in the stage of a pigmented spot. The teeth are directed to the lamp, the affected tissues have a dark glow.

It is important to conduct differential diagnosis, the whole point is that at an early stage of development the disease can resemble other pathologies.

A professional approach to the treatment of

Once a diagnosis has been made, a treatment is prescribed, due to which it is possible to stop tooth decay at the stain stage and prevent it from destroying the tooth completely.

A new technique used to treat the initial caries - ICON, the disease in this case is treated by infiltration. The material penetrates into the depths of the affected tissues and seals them.

There are other ways with which you can remove stains on the teeth:

1. The method is called Borovsky-Leus .The surface is cleaned, then a solution of calcium gluconate is applied, the concentration of which should not be above 10, it remains on the teeth for exactly twenty minutes. After the time comes out, a second layer is applied, but already a fluoride gel. You can achieve a positive result in two three weeks, that's how long the course of treatment lasts.
2. Fluoridation - after the hygiene has been completed, the fluorine lacquer must be applied to the teeth, a protective film will be created under the action. Tooth enamel can be saturated with fluoride ions.
3. At a deeper stage of the disease, must be sealed with .Affected tissues are removed by boron machine, disinfection is carried out, a seal is put. On the front teeth put a light flap, which looks in the oral cavity naturally and naturally.
4. If the pathology "eats" the tooth, the seal has nothing to hold on, so the doctor sharpens it, and on top puts the crown .

As for the children, there is no difference in treatment, except for very small ones. In this case, applications with the necessary substances are applied to the affected areas.

Help yourself

The elimination of the initial caries is possible not only in the hospital, but at home, but only after consulting a doctor. There are many medicines suitable for this on pharmacy shelves:

1. ROCS Medical Minerarls is a gel based on calcium, magnesium and other useful substances. Fluoride in the composition there. After use, the enamel becomes shiny, can be used to treat children.
2. Gel Elmex - restoration of enamel affected by caries. With fluorosis can not be used.

You can also use the help of traditional healers:

• a dried piece of calamus take in your mouth and chew for several minutes, repeat the procedure every day;
• cut the tail of the pumpkin and pour boiling water, let it brew for an hour, the resulting solution rinse your mouth several times a day.

The main goal of such treatment is saturation of enamel with useful minerals and substances.

Implications without treatment

Lack of timely measures can cause more serious problems, and they will be associated not only with the teeth, but with the whole body. The focus of infection sooner or later will penetrate into all tissues and organs of the body. Many patients for years suffer from stress, fatigue and do not even suspect that the blame for everything is the petty spots on the teeth.

Than the dangerous carious process is dangerous:

• against the background of a foci of infection, allergies may develop;
• inflammation of the mouth;
• develops periodontitis, gingivitis, periodontitis;
• formation of a deeper carious cavity;
• pain during inspiration or when eating;
• discomfort from an aesthetic point of view - black or white spots on the teeth look unattractive enough and do not exactly become a smile;
• on the background of the displacement of the crown may change the occlusion.

If there are dubious patches on your teeth, you do not need to pull with the treatment, remember that this can lead to dangerous consequences.

Preventive measures

To reduce the likelihood of developing the disease will help proper care of the oral cavity. Useful tips from dentists:

• brush your teeth twice a day;
• in pastes or gels for cleaning in the composition should be fluoride;
• periodically use dental floss;
• it is recommended to rinse the oral cavity after eating;
• from sweet snacks refuse;
• for the purpose of prophylaxis several times a year undergo scheduled examinations at the dentist.

Beautiful smile - the dream of all, you can only provide it yourself, if you take care of health.