Laboratory research in medicine is used for different purposes. Due to the general analysis of blood, it is possible to detect abnormalities in the functioning of the internal systems of the body or to confirm a certain diagnosis. This type of examination is an obligatory stage in compiling a clinical picture of any disease.
Is it possible to decipher the general blood test
? Laboratory research of biological material is carried out by experienced specialists. The results contain a huge number of terms and indicators that are not understandable to patients without having certain knowledge. Help to get an answer to the question that shows a general blood test, can special online services, thanks to which anyone willing to prepare in advance for a visit to a medical facility.
To find out what a general blood test can show, the following information is needed:
- sex( in men and women, the same test results can mean different deviations);
- age( in children and adult patients the norms of the content of certain substances differ);
- general information on substances whose level is being investigated( for example, to understand what hemoglobin or leukocytes are, you can use special literature or the Internet);
- norms of various substances in the blood( this information can be easily found in similar sources).
To understand the nuances of decoding, it is important to understand in advance what a clinical blood test is. In a broad sense, the UAC is a study of the material composition in the laboratory to determine the level of certain substances. The number of items in the sheet that the patient receives in his hands depends on the method of sampling and the variety of research conducted, their purpose.
What is included in the general blood test
The need for conducting a general clinical study of the blood composition is determined by the doctor. The material for analysis is taken from the vein or finger. In some cases, for an accurate diagnosis of the disease, the study of extended blood type is compulsory. Each technique has its own peculiarities of carrying out and assigning, nuances of evaluation of the results obtained.
From vein
| What shows full blood from a vein analysis | |
| Leukocytes | WBC |
| color component | CPU |
| Eosinophils | EOS |
| Hemoglobin | HGB |
| Erythrocytes | RBC |
| Hematocrit | HT |
| Neutrophils | NEU |
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate | ESR |
| Platelets | MPV |
| Lymphocytes | LYM |
From the finger
| What shows KLA fingerstick | |
| Hemoglobin | HGB |
| color component | CPU |
| Erythrocytes | RBC |
| Platelets | MPV |
| Reticulocytes | - |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate | ESR |
| Lymphocytes | LYM |
| Leukocytes | WBC |
| Monocytes | - |
| Granulocytes |
Advanced
| What is a UAC of the expanded type | |
| Leukocytes | WBS |
| Hemoglobin | HGB |
| Red blood cells | RBC |
| Hematocrit | HCT |
| Platelets | MPV |
| Thrombocytes | PCT |
| Erythrocyte indices | MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV |
| Platelet indices | MPV, PDW |
| Leukocyte formula | NEUT, MONO, EO, BASO, LYMPH |
What the clinical blood test shows
The study of the composition is carried out in two cases - with a general examinationor to confirm a specific diagnosis. For the doctor, not only the level of certain substances, but also indicators such as coagulability, erythrocyte sedimentation rate( ESR) and leukocyte formula( leukoformula shows the percentage ratio of several types of erythrocytes) is of particular importance. The purpose of the UAC is dependent on the condition of the patient and his age.
In children
In the younger or adolescent, the formation of the body. Children's UAC are conducted to determine the general condition of the patient. Studies in this case are simplified, but the doctor in case of suspicion of deviations may appoint an additional procedure that helps to deploy the results. It is more difficult to decipher the general analysis of blood in a child than in an adult, so they are done exclusively by specialists.
Two variants of UAC for children:
- "triad"( level of leukocytes, hemoglobin and ESR);
- detailed version( detailed study of substances in the composition of the material for the study).
In adults, the
UAS is taken from a finger or vein. The second option is appointed in order to determine more accurate blood composition. In the analysis in adults the main role is played by the presence of harmful microorganisms, the state of enzymes and hormones, immunity, physical and chemical composition of the material taken for examination. OAK provides assistance in diagnosing most diseases.
When Pregnant
During the gestation period, the OAK is mandatory, it is conducted at least four times within 9 months. To give blood to a pregnant woman is necessary to determine not only the general state of the body, but also to identify Rh-conflict, deviations in the development of the unborn child or other negative factors. A woman is assigned clinical and biochemical analysis. Studies help identify violations such as anemia, inflammation, dehydration, blood clotting disorders, serious changes in the work of internal organs.
With HIV
The blood test in some cases has a specific nature. When studying the composition of the material for HIV, two methods are used: polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay. Blood is taken solely from the vein. The conclusion of a laboratory test is indicated by a positive or negative indicator. In the first case, the probability of the presence of the virus is 99.9%.
In case of cancer of
To detect an oncology, one can use the help of comparing the UAC indices in different periods or by special blood tests. Clinical and biochemical analyzes of the material can reveal the development of cancer cells at early stages, but oncomarkers show more accurate results. The cause for concern are substances such as REA, PSA, CA 15-3, CA 125, CA 19-9.Each of the cancer markers indicates the likelihood of cancer of a particular organ. For example, CA 15-3 refers to the signs of breast cancer.
Which pathology reveals a general clinical blood test
Based on a laboratory study of the blood composition, the physician determines the presence of allergic reactions, infectious and inflammatory processes, pathology of the circulatory system. This type of analysis is one of the most effective. In some cases, the diagnosis is obtained by revealing several deviations from the norm as a result of the study.
To diseases that help to diagnose UAC, include:
- anemia( decreased hemoglobin);
- purulent-inflammatory processes( increase of leukocytes);
- disease of a viral nature( lowering of leukocytes);
- autoimmune abnormalities and oncological diseases( level of ESR);
- malignant neoplasm( increased protein);
- disruption of the liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract( protein reduction);
- cyst, pancreatitis or diabetes mellitus( increased amylase);
- liver pathology( bilirubin level);
- kidney pathology, intestinal obstruction, myocardial infarction( urea level);
- leukemia, anemia, tumor processes( iron level);
- thyroid disease and dehydration( creatinine level).