Recently, dysbiosis is found in 80% of newborns. Pediatricians believe that this phenomenon is due to the late application of the baby to the mother's breast. Infection of the same maternity homes with resistant strains of pathogens creates a background for colonization of the intestines of children with atypical agents.
What is the dysbiosis
Imbalance of the intestinal microflora in infants is a very mysterious phenomenon. Doctors often argue that such a diagnosis does not exist, and dysbacteriosis can only be defined as a symptom complex. However, improperly adjusted breastfeeding, coupled with the use of artificial mixtures, can provoke the development of secondary immunodeficiency of newborns.
It should also be said that dysbacteriosis in children is often observed due to the use of antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics are often prescribed to newborns born after prolonged labor, accompanied by a long anhydrous period. As a result of the dysbacteriosis of the intestinal microflora, the baby is shifted in favor of harmful or conditionally pathogenic elements, which parasitize due to beneficial bifido- and lactobacilli.
How dysbacteriosis manifests in children: the first signs and symptoms of
A newborn who is breastfed has the right to any stool for up to 6 months. Any violations of the intestinal microflora are often caused by the nutrition of the mother, so when you see a foamy green chair, parents should not worry too much and blame the "on duty" dysbacteriosis in infants. In this case, the wet-nurse needs to simply revise her diet.
It is important to note that the presence of white undigested lumps in the feces of a child is absolutely normal. Usually full colonization of the intestines with beneficial bacteria in infants occurs by the age of one month, so parents should have patience in order to wait until the end of the adjustment stage of the baby's intestines. Symptoms of dysbacteriosis in infants look as follows:
- disorder of the stool - diarrhea;
- presence in the feces of "green" and mucus;
- foamy stool with putrefactive odor;
- frequent regurgitation;
- the appearance of an allergic rash on the body of the baby.
Causes of
Dysbacteriosis in newborns is often developed as a result of infection with golden staphylococcus, which infected almost all of the domestic maternity hospitals. Fence yourself off from this pathogen of dysbiosis is almost impossible in a hospital. For this reason, it is so important right after the birth of the baby to try to attach it to the chest. In addition to the above, there are other reasons that can lead to dysbiosis in infants:
- premature transition to artificial feeding;
- birth injury in infants;
- use of a lactating mother with antibiotics or hormonal drugs;
- infants intestinal pathology;
- insufficient fermentation;
- weakened body due to premature infancy;
- intrauterine infection.
Forms and degrees of the disease
Dysbacteriosis in infants can be caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. However, it is necessary to take into account the state of the children's immune system. Early application of the baby to the breast will provide him with vital immunoglobulins that prevent the development of intestinal dysbacteriosis. Unformed children's organism is an excellent haven for pathogenic agents, therefore it is very important to organize the timely receipt of maternal antibodies by the baby.
Dysbacteriosis in a child can occur in the form of candidomycosis, aspergillosis, staphylococcal infection. Each of the above pathogens causes a persistent decrease in the body's immune response. To learn about the etiology of changes in the microflora of the intestine of the baby can be found from the interpretation of the results of the analyzes carried out during diagnostic activities. In addition to forms, it is customary to allocate also the degree of dysbiosis:
- 1 degree of pathology is characterized by a satisfactory condition of the baby. In this case, babies can be observed: colorless feces, flatulence, unstable weight gain.
- 2 degree of dysbiosis has a similar clinic, but in addition to the above symptoms, the infants have cramping pain in the abdomen. Anal stools reveal the presence of staphylococcus, yeast-like fungi.
- 3 degree is caused by the growth of painful sensations. The feces of the baby get a greenish tinge and putrid smell. Immunity at the same time decreases, there are signs of anemia.
- 4 the degree of infringement of the intestinal microflora in the infant is accompanied by severe symptoms. Intoxication of the body leads to attacks of headache, fever.
How to take an assay for intestinal dysbiosis
Diarrhea in a newborn during breastfeeding is often worried about sensitive parents. However, if this phenomenon is not accompanied by other symptoms of dysbiosis, then do not worry. If there are other disturbing signs of dysbiosis in a child, adults should consult a specialist who will prescribe the necessary diagnostic measures. Many parents are interested in the question of how to collect feces for a dysbacteriosis in a baby. For this procedure, the following rules should be followed:
- Before defecation, put the baby on a clean diaper.
- Next, it is necessary to provoke the emptying of the intestine with a light massage of the baby's tummy.
- When the act of defecation has come to an end, it is necessary to collect the feces of the infants for analysis on the intestinal dysbiosis in a sterile container.
- Biomaterial should be delivered to the laboratory no later than 3-4 hours after its collection.
How to treat dysbiosis in infants
When treating intestinal dysbiosis in children, it is not worthwhile to hope that the medications will immediately eliminate all the problems. Treatment of dysbacteriosis in children should begin with the correction of nutrition of the mother herself: on its balance, the normal functioning of the intestine of the baby is largely dependent. Children aged one year and over should receive only high-quality, natural products without harmful impurities. The correct diet of a nursing mother for a dysbacteriosis in her baby includes the use of:
- low-fat meat( rabbit, veal);
- fermented milk products;
- vegetables;
- natural juices, green tea.
In addition to the restrictions for mothers, usually infants are prescribed different medications designed to provide a normal level of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. Often experts in the treatment of dysbacteriosis resort to the use of bacteriophages, but medical literature ambiguously treats this approach in the treatment of children, which is explained by the viral nature of the bacteriophages themselves. With the exception of these agents for dysbacteriosis in infants, it is recommended to use:
- enterosorbents( Enterosgel, White coal);
- probiotics( Bifikol, Lineks);
- prebiotics( lactose, fructose);
- folk remedies( salivary enemas).
Methods of prevention
Dysbacteriosis in a child can be prevented only by properly adjusted breastfeeding. A certain place in the prevention of disorders of the intestinal microflora in the baby is given to the state of health of the mother herself, therefore, before planning pregnancy, a woman should cure all her ailments. To feed the baby to 7-8 months follows only breast milk. When introducing complementary foods to infants it is necessary to choose for them the least allergenic products that do not cause the development of dysbiosis.