Growth of a teenager: table. Ratio of height and weight in adolescents by age: periods of intensive growth

What are the growth rates of adolescent girls and boys. The reasons for the discrepancy of growth in the age norms.

Contents of the

Growth chart for adolescents: the growth rate of girls and boys
The ratio of height and weight in adolescents: the growth and weight table of
The periods of accelerated, intense growth of a teenager
The small growth of a teenager: how to increase?
High growth of teenagers
Growth vitamins for teens
Exercises for body growth of a teenager
VIDEO: We are getting higher. Correction

In order to understand if a child is developing normally, parents turn to the established parameters of the age norm. Do growth rates always fit into these parameters? And what if the child's growth significantly deviates from the norm?

Growth chart of adolescents: growth rate of girls and boys

Individual variants of development rates have a wide spread, related to the features of the constitution, fixed genetically.
When assessing the level of physical development, it is necessary to take into account the physical development of his parents. The formula for calculating the expected final growth of a child, depending on the growth of parents, is presented below. Pay attention, the error of the result is +/- 6 centimeters.

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As a result of anthropometric surveys of large groups of adolescents, standards and norms of physical development were defined. In the proposed tables, the growth indicators are broken down into levels, the so-called "centiles".

If your child's growth rate is within the green or blue zone - its growth corresponds to the average growth, the yellow zone indicates that growth is normal, but there isthe tendency to lag or advance, this can be discussed at a pediatrician's reception. If the growth rate is in the red zone - this may be a sign of the disease, do not delay the consultation of an endocrinologist.

Physical development and physique is 70% determined by heredity, and by 30% - by environmental factors.

Ratio of height and weight in adolescents: growth chart and weight

For assessing physical development indices, it is important to assess not only the growth in isolation from other indicators, but also its ratio with weight.

The optimal ratio of height and weight in children and adolescents is represented by the following centile charts. The methodology for assessing indicators is similar to the method described above for estimating centile tables: within the range of 3 to 97 centiles, one can speak of a norm, anything higher or lower than these values requires the attention of parents and doctors.

Optimum ratio of height and weight in boys

Optimum growth and weight ratio in girls

Periods of accelerated, intensive growth of adolescents

With the onset of puberty, there is a significant increase in the increase in linear dimensions of the body and its mass - there is a so-called pubertal growth.
In girls growth spurt starts on average from 10.5 years, the most significant increase increases between 11 and 12 years - the increase in body length can reach 8-10 cm per year. By the age of 13-13.5 years, the growth rate of growth is decreasing, changes in the ratio of parts of the body continue.
In boys , the period of accelerated growth begins 1-2 years later, at 115-16 years the growth rate reaches a maximum( the increase in growth can reach up to 8-9 cm per year), and slow down to 18-19.

Thus, girls "stretch" before and in 11-14 years excel boys, both in growth and in body weight.

The growth rate in the pubertal period can be either uniform or spasmodic. In the latter case, the entire annual increase can occur in a few months - more often in the summer-autumn period.

During the accelerated growth there is a significant change in the proportions of the body of a teenager - incoherence of the figure, longevity, long and thin limbs. This can lead to a temporary discoordination of movements. The adolescent himself can negatively assess such features of the body, which in turn causes negative feelings about his appearance, self-doubt.

All, without exception, the physiological functions of the adolescent undergo significant changes during the period of active growth. This can lead to imbalances in individual body systems. In most adolescents muscular tissue does not keep up with the growth of the skeleton, there are so-called "pain of growth".Deep physiological changes are also underway in the cardiovascular system, which causes sudden pressure spikes.

The small growth of a teenager: how to increase?

The low growth of a teenager can be caused genetically, that is, it is a variant of the norm.

In order to distinguish the genetic shortness from stunting caused by other causes, it is necessary to take into account the growth of the parents of the adolescent, to analyze the growth curve and to determine the bone age.

Drawing up a growth curve gives a more complete picture than comparing single measurements with average growth rates. If the child's growth curve is below the optimal curve in all the age periods, and is parallel to the lower boundary of the normal curve, then most likely we are talking about the genetic shortness of the
. Information on the maturation of the bones is given by the x-ray pattern of the growth zones. For this purpose, children older than 2 years make an X-ray of the left hand and wrist, according to which the doctor can determine the bone age. The normal condition of the bones should correspond to the age of the child

. The low growth not associated with a genetic predisposition can be caused by the following reasons:
• inadequate nutrition in general or a deficiency of some of its components( vitamins, trace elements), digestion and absorption in the intestine
excessive physical activity
• various chronic diseases
• chromosomal abnormalities
• hormonal disorders

To establish the cause of low growth of a teenager will help in detaile medical examination, first of all pay attention to the state of endocrine, cardiovascular systems, kidneys and liver. Treatment of stunting is determined by the doctor and depends on the cause of the disease.

High growth of adolescents

Height is considered a lesser problem for a teenager than a short stature, and sometimes is estimated as an advantage.

The constitutionally hereditary, or genetic tallness is determined by the high growth of parents or close relatives, is considered the norm and does not require any treatment. Moreover, in a teenager:

, the growth rates correspond to normal indices in all age periods( this can be seen in the construction of the growth curve)
Bone age corresponds to the chronological
There are no pathological symptoms of the central nervous system or endocrine glands

If the high growth of a teenager is not relatedwith heredity, you need to pay attention to his health, in the first place - the state of endocrine organs. Another reason for the high growth of a teenager is chromosomal-genetic abnormalities. In such cases, you need to seek medical help for diagnosis and necessary treatment.

Growth Vitamins for Teens

As we noted above, during the period of active growth the importance of nutrition is very high. To work the enzymes that regulate the biochemical processes in the body, vitamins are needed. Each of the vitamins "is responsible" for its "site" of metabolic processes, and therefore, diseases caused by avitaminosis, there are several dozen.

Daily intake of vitamins for children and adolescents

Exercises for the growth of a teenager's body

Many teenagers and their parents are very worried about small growth and are ready to do anything to "grow up", including such radical measures as taking hormonal medications or surgical intervention.
There is a way to accelerate the growth of the body of a teenager without the risk of complications or side effects from taking different medications - this is physical training.

Swimming, volleyball, basketball, cycling - these sports help to accelerate the growth of
It is also important to monitor your posture during the day - do not slouch while walking or sitting at a table. For sleep it is necessary to choose orthopedic mattress and pillow

Posture of a teenager
Exercises on a horizontal bar. Effective will be simple hanging, if you perform it daily, in several approaches. Totally a day should be determined from 4 to 10 minutes
Make the spine flexible, strengthen the muscles and awaken the strength of your body will help stretching exercises or yoga

Here are some effective exercises for growth. They need to be done regularly, preferably in the morning, in each pose stay for 3-6 cycles of breathing.