Roses - care, fertilizing, pruning, treatment from diseases and pests after the winter in the spring. How to plant a rose in the spring in the ground or transplant to another place?

Planting and caring for roses in the spring. Correct pruning roses in the spring. Procedure of inoculation of rose on dog rose. Top dressing and treatment of roses in the spring from pests and diseases.

Contents

When to open roses in the spring?
When is it better to plant and transplant roses - in spring or in autumn?
How to plant a rose in the spring in the soil?
How to feed roses in the spring for lush flowering in the garden?
Treatment of roses in the spring from diseases and pests
Pruning roses in spring for beginners
Grafting roses on rosehips in the spring
How to care for roses in the spring after winter: tips
Planting roses in spring: Video
Planting rose roses on rosehips: Video
Pruning roses in spring: Video

What can be more beautiful than flowering, fragrant roses? !These flowers are a real decoration and pride of any garden. But, as is known, to many flower beds, roses are rather finicky and capricious plants. These beauties require maximum attention, proper and timely care.

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This article will help beginner growers to grow chic bushes and not lose them in the period of the year so responsible for them - in the spring.

When to open roses in the spring?

Many pink growers, who did not manage to get enough of the fact that their pets began to take root in their garden, are faced with the fact that in the spring after the opening of the rose bushes they begin to die. Before the unfortunate gardeners the question arises: "Why is this happening?".In the winter, roses were properly concealed, and in the spring, after opening, they had a fresh, healthy appearance and even threw away the kidneys. The answer is simple: "Lashing".
In spring, when all the nature around starts to wake up, the same happens with roses. Their bushes are animated, young branches appear on branches. But the catch is that, despite the development of the upper part of the rose bush, its lower part, that is, the root system, is still asleep. This is due to the fact that the air under the influence of sunlight and plus temperature is already warming up, and the earth is still frozen.
When the snow begins to actively melt, the water formed during melting accumulates near the roots of bushes and stagnates there, which provokes the rotting process.
This state of things suggests that you should not hurry to open roses, but you can not delay this procedure. In the first case, you can get frostbite of the bush, and in the second - the pereprevanie.

Experienced rose growers recommend to open roses after winter gradually.
Firstly, the most optimal shelter for these whimsical beauties is an air-dry system.
Secondly, with the first March rays of the sun on bare sections of such a system it is desirable to sketch a little snow. Stamp, ground cover and climbing bushes are also best sprinkled with snow.
Third, from the end of March to the beginning of April, it is necessary to completely clean the pink shelters from the snow. Another important activity is the location near the roses with drainage canals, which will allow the melt water not to stagnate in the growth zone of bushes, but to flow into specially designated places.
Also in this period, it is necessary to begin preparing directly the tops of the plant for their quick nakedness. To do this, it is recommended to open the sides of the shelter and give the roses time to be well ventilated. After, the shelter needs to be re-smoothed, leaving small gaps at the top for gradual ventilation inside it.

Soil around the miniature, ground cover, stamping and climbing roses, covered with lapnika or foliage for the winter, it is necessary to loosen slightly to ruffle the soil compacted during the winter. Also, the edges of the shelter of such bushes should be slightly raised, in order to allow the bushes to be ventilated.

You can finally release roses from their winter shelter only when it's warm in the daytime and frosts at night. The main indicator of the willingness of rose bushes to open is the melting of soil to a depth of 20 cm.

To release roses from the winter "shroud" is necessary gradually, step by step, day by day:

Step 1 - open the ends of the shelter
Step 2 - open the eastern side of the
Step 3 - open the north side of the
Step 4 - remove the shelter completely
Step 5 - we shade the roses with paper or berger

The freed roses must be put in order after the hibernation -, dry branches and foliage, and also to clean the ground under a bush from old leaves and branches.

When is it better to plant and transplant roses - in spring or in autumn?

You can plant and transplant roses, both in spring and in autumn. In more northern latitudes, with a moist climate, it is also possible to plant rose bushes in the summer.

If you still choose between spring and autumn, then many rosewoods prefer to transplant their pet in the fall.

Autumn time boasts those favorable weather conditions that are necessary for roses in the first days, weeks after planting:

Weather stability - if frosts and night frosts are very likely in early spring, then in September-October they are the exception to the rules.
The high humidity of the air - the autumn pore is characterized by a humidity of 85-90%, while the springtime - only up to 60%.
Rains - they also fall much more in fall than in early spring.
Seasonal sale of seedlings - at the end of the horticultural season, you can purchase cherished seedlings at more affordable prices than at the beginning.

The only drawback of autumn planting of roses can be called complexity when working with plants with an open root system. In spring such saplings will get better than in autumn.

How to plant a rose in the spring in the soil?

The spring planting of roses in the ground has several main stages and important points.

Preservation of planting material

It is necessary to store roses seedlings at temperatures up to +5 degrees( on the balcony, veranda, in the refrigerator).
Purchased sealed rose roots should not be disclosed.
If the root seed system of the acquired seedlings has a dry appearance, then the soil around it can be slightly moistened.
Store the planting material in a horizontal position.

Preparing a landing site

The optimal site for planting roses is a well-lit patch of land protected from winds.
It is forbidden to plant roses in low places where meltwater accumulations are observed in spring and after autumn rains.
As for the composition of the earth, then the roses do not show a special whimsicality - they manage to get along in any soils( under the condition of inoculation on the dog-rose).
To plant a bush, it is necessary to dig a hole 70cm deep( the depth of the pit will depend directly on the size of the rhizome of the seedling).
If the selected plot of land can not boast of anything except sand in its structure, then clay, compost and a small amount of mineral fertilizers must be added to the excavated pit.

Planting roses

We take out the seedlings of roses from the vault.
Carefully disclose the root system of the seedlings.
Cut the damaged roots to healthy flesh.
Each spine is cut for a couple of centimeters.
Stand out against the backdrop of others along the length of the roots are customized for general parameters.
Soak the seedling of the rose in the growth stimulator for a few minutes.
If necessary, we process the roots of the seedlings with a light solution of copper sulfate.
Set the bush in the pit so that the graft on the dog rose looked to the south, and after filling the pit it was 6-8cm below the ground level.
Installed seedling fall asleep to the ground to half.
We carefully water the future rose.
We fall asleep the remaining space.
We ground the ground around the seedling.
We grow it by 15-20cm in height.
We cover the seedling with translucent material.

When planting a rose seedling, you can use another method:

Dig out the hole
Pour it abundantly with water diluted in it with a tablet of heteroauxin
Lower the seedling into the pit
Gradually fill the pit, carefully sealing the layer after layer
The planted shrub does not need watering

The optimal time for planting roses in spring is the end of April - the beginning of May.

How to feed roses in the spring for lush flowering in the garden?

Any plant needs additional fertilizing. Roses in this case are no exception. In order to enjoy the summer colorful, fragrant buds of these beauties, in the spring they need to be fertilized.
The first fertilizing of roses in spring is carried out during the bud blossoming.
After the winter roses need nitrogen and phosphorus.
Provide nitrogen to the queen of flowers is capable of urea and reparted manure( humus).
As far as phosphorus is concerned, it is possible to feed them a rose by adding superphosphates and ammophos to the soil.
When combining urea and phosphate, it is worth considering that the latter also contain nitrogen, so the amount of urea is desirable to be reduced.
For the application of mineral fertilizers around the rose bush it is recommended to organize a circle with a radius of 30cm. In the resulting circle, it is necessary to fill in mineral fertilizers and cover them.
Fertilizers can also be applied to the soil in a diluted form during irrigation.
You can add manure or compost to the fertilizer well.

Treatment of roses in the spring from diseases and pests

Rosa, like many other plants, is susceptible to various diseases and pest attack. Spring is a wonderful time for prevention of such cases.
On the shelves of horticultural stores today you can find a lot of versatile tools to protect rose bushes from several problems at once. Treated garden beauties according to the instructions, you can avoid most diseases and pest infestations throughout the whole year.
Bordeaux liquid has proved very well as a preventive measure.15% solution of this substance is recommended to treat the rose during the bud blossoming. For safety, this procedure can be repeated in a week or two.
In the fight against worms and aphids, spraying of soil under a rosebush with a 35% ferrous sulfate solution can help. The first signs of such problems can be yellowing of foliage and the formation of rust on it.
Mildew solution can be overcome by a solution of mullein or ash. Spraying with these substances will help not only get rid of the disease, but also feed the plant.
The main rule of processing roses is its execution in a non-bright, windless, dry day.

Pruning roses in spring for beginners

Pruning roses in the spring is a very important procedure that affects the number of flowers on the bush and its proper formation.

Here are the basic rules of spring pruning of rose bushes:

Pruning after the appearance of mature buds
First remove all diseased and old branches and leaves
Cut to the healthy flesh( healthy flesh has a light shade, the patient is dark)
The kidney above which we plan to make a cut must look outside the bush
Cutting is done at an angle at a height of 1cm from the kidney
We work in the garden only with disinfected, sharp tool
We protect hands while cutting with dense gloves
When cutting we leave only strong, powerful branches of
BranchesWe look inside the bush, ruthlessly remove the
We form the bush so that it has the shape of a dome or bowl
Small bushes are cut to 30cm in height, large - to 1m

There are three types of pruning roses:

light
medium
strong

With a light trimming, the branches of the rose bush are shortened by only a third. Such pruning is shown only for some varieties of roses. It can also be used for other varieties of rose bushes, but not very often, since it can lead to stretching the branches and reducing the number of buds.

Average pruning means cut the branches of roses by half. Most often it is applied to an adult tea hybrid rose.

With a strong pruning of rose bushes, it is customary to cut up to 3-4 kidneys above the ground. Such pruning is most often applied to young bushes, but it can also be used for old, tired rose bushes.

Grafting roses on rose hips in the spring

Grafting roses on rosehips is a very important manipulation, allowing the rose to become more resistant to frost and less whimsical.

The grafting of a rose on a dog rose means the splitting of the scion( rose) into the stock( rosehip).

This manipulation can occur in two ways.

Method №1

The first technique involves the preliminary cultivation of one-two-year rose hive( rose friable, wrinkled, may or dog) and subsequent splicing of the rose bud. This vaccination is carried out before the beginning of bud blossoming( late April-early May).

Algorithm of action:

In autumn, the young rose hip is excavated and planted in a pot.
At the same time we cut off the right stem of the rose.
We store both sprouts in a cool place( basement).
For 7-10 days before the vaccination, we begin to water the dog rose actively.
The day before his landing we provide him with an especially active watering.
On the day of vaccination, we remove the soil from the root collar of the dog rose and clean it of dirt.
Cut the most healthy kidney with a hemp 3cm from the rose.
Carefully cut the kidney from the wood, leaving only the bark adjacent to it.
On the root neck of the dog rose, make an incision in the form of the letter "T", trying not to damage the wood.
Push the edge of the notch.
We insert a bark with a kidney into the formed hole and close the edges of the notch.
We check that the bud of the rose was outside, and the bark was covered with briar bark.
Fix the edges of the notch carefully with electrical tape or polyethylene.
Inoculate the inoculation of the ground.
After a couple of weeks, we dig out the vaccine and check if it has caught on.
If the rose takes root, then it will have a green color, if not - then brown.
If the result is negative, repeat the procedure slightly below the first inoculation.

Many gardeners do not like this method of vaccination because of its duration - it will take a couple of years to wait until the dog rose and then wait for buds to appear for some time. Because some growers prefer the second way, the faster, grafting roses on the dog rose.

Method number 2

This method of vaccination is recommended to be applied in early spring, in the middle of March

Algorithm of actions:

Cut the rose from the rose with two buds.
In the rhizome part of the dog rose at the top we make two oblique incisions, forming a deepening.
In the cut, insert the shank.
We fix the stem of the rose to the dog rose with an insulating tape or other material.
We lower the inoculation into a box with sawdust, moss or needles.
Put the box in a room with a temperature of +10 to +15 degrees.
After three weeks we move the box into a room with a temperature from +14 to +19 degrees.
After a month and a half after inoculation, the rosehip with rose is planted in the open ground, after removing the dressing.
From above the sprout is covered with earth in the form of a hill and covered with polyethylene.
Gradually, with the growth of shoots, we shovel the earth from the bush on cloudy days or in the evening.
When 3-4 sheets appear cut off the tip of the shoot, do not touch the side shoots.

How to care for roses in the spring after winter: tips

Every spring is the most crucial period in the life of roses. Breaking the rules of spring care for these beautiful shrubs at least once, you can completely lose them. Because it is so important to comply with all the rules and tips given in the article.

We wish you to enjoy these magnificent flowers and every year to acquire ever more interesting and, pleasing look, their grades.