Why do there appear red spots and dots in the sky and other mucous in the mouth?

Contents of

Causes of appearance and mechanism of occurrence of

The appearance of red spots in the oral cavity and in adjacent zones may be due to various reasons.

For example, vascular reaction due to:

• of a brain or vascular accident;
• acute poisoning;
• enters the body of an acute infectious disease( virus) or activates its own chronic flora( microbial, fungal, mycoplasmal or protozoal infection of the pharynx).

The second category of grounds for the appearance of spots within the oral cavity are allergy cases.

Third refers to damage to the mucous membranes with a change in the color of their surface layers. As in the case of too high or too low a temperature, and in situations like them.

Strictly speaking, all episodes of changing the coloring of tissues in the area under the dentist, perceived as the appearance of red spots and points in the mouth, are caused by vascular disorders in it, coming at different rates.

Thus, hyperemia when exposed to excessively high temperature appears almost instantly due to the vasomotor paresis of the capillaries, while cyanosis with a crimson shade under the action of the ultralow develops after some time necessary to slow the blood flow or complete stasis of blood in the damaged area.

Red spots in the sky due to acute infections

Despite the common mechanism of the appearance of red spots in the sky due to trauma, chronic intoxication( smoking) or due to acute infection in the mouth, their characteristics will be significantly different from each other.

If the spots on the palate of the smoker are similar to the vascular asterisks and are not accompanied by a clinic of acute damage to the body, then in the course of the infectious process this is a rash that is characteristic only of a specific disease in combination with general clinical symptoms.

So, with a chicken pox, the rash looks like a bubble on a congested conical base, not only in the sky, cheeks, tongue and other mucous membranes in the mouth, but also protruding all over the body.

In addition to the red spots and polymorphic rash in the mouth and around it, stomatitis of herpetic etiology is manifested:

• by regional lymphadenitis;
• hyperthermia;
• symptoms of intoxication in the form of a headache, body aches, weakness and similar phenomena;
• pain in the mouth from eating.

In the influenza state, toxic effects come to the fore, but the appearance of rashes is also frequent.

Unlike viral rashes, when activating a chronic microbial or fungal infection, the spots will have a less impressive appearance. If the viral rash - as if exploding mucous from the inside of the volcano, the rash microbial and fungal is less militant.

Despite significant burning in places of localization of painful points and discomfort in the process of eating food, candidiasis does not flow as violently as chickenpox. A distinctive feature of it is a typical white yeast coating on the formed elements of the rashes.

Characteristic of the scarlet fever( streptococcal) rash are red small spots not only in the mouth, but also around it, in snug corners, on the lips and cheeks, and also on the skin of the body, with a tendency to merge. Nosogubny triangle from the rash is free.

Sequence of appearance of rashes: face, arms, upper trunk. A skin test is indicative: when applying a hard object, a white band remains on the surface, then the rashes appear again, confirm the diagnosis, as well as the symptoms of severe intoxication.

If the cause is poisoning

A classic example of a rash is poisoning caused by a meningitis rash.

In this infectious by nature of its disease comes the paresis of capillaries with the appearance of hemorrhages of various sizes and shapes( red, black, white spots-points) in various parts of the body, including in the mouth.

The difference of hemorrhages from spots of a different nature is that when the affected area of ​​the skin or mucous is pressed or stretched, they pale and disappear to appear again after the exposure.

Allergy sign

In connection with the expansion of the geography of trips of citizens abroad and the approach of East Asian and other exotic cuisines close to the consumer, as well as the introduction of artificial and plant food additives into the composition of food, rashes with complex etiology may appear.

These are symptoms of poisoning in the form of pain and colic in the abdomen, but with the appearance of allergy signs: the pronounced pruritus on the background of more or less significant swelling of the tissues of the limbs, face and mouth with the appearance of rash elements of varying degrees of hyperemia on the surface.

A typical typical concomitant manifestation of an allergy is a different severity category of choking and nasal congestion due to edema of the respiratory system.

The appearance of hyperemia( spilled or in the form of red spots and dots in the mouth and lips), similar in appearance to a burn, is possible not only with food allergies, but also with:

• allergies;
• for erroneous use of liquids of unknown composition and in similar situations, especially children.

Red dots and sores on gums and cheeks

The most common cause of this redness is gingivitis, which does not necessarily have to be a viral, bacterial or mycotic etiology.

It can also be a consequence of slowing down the healing processes of microdamages as a result of weakening conditions:

• tuberculosis;
• AIDS;
• of oncological pathology;
• is aging.

The morphology of its manifestations is diverse - from flat spots to deep narrow bores in the gum and sores with dug edges, painted in different shades of red.

The red inflamed patches of the mucous on the cheeks are often the result of their biting, which can be either a random one-shot act or a habit that has become a system.

About red spots in tongue and red tongue

Red spots appearing on the tongue can be a signal of disturbances in the body with:

• allergic reactions;
• eating food that injures the tongue physically and chemically;
• having bad habits;
• inadequate oral hygiene;
• dental diseases;
• is an inhibition of the body physical or mental.

A separate category of causes are diseases with changes in the surface of the tongue.

In mononucleosis, the appearance of pinpoint hemorrhages on it, which are also present on the palate, soft and firm. The disease is characterized by all the features of the infectious process: lymphadenitis, hyperthermia up to 40 ° C, symptoms of severe intoxication.

The same turbulent symptoms are also characteristic of exudative erythema, resulting in the conversion of red spots into serous fluid filled blisters, which, after opening, form ulcers that coalesce together. The process develops with the involvement of the mucous lips.

Changes in both coloration and the language itself are inherent in a variety of pathological processes: with syphilis it is a crimson solid chancre, with Kaposi's sarcoma - moderate soreness and the presence in the root area of ​​the tongue of not protruding red spots with a bluish tinge, with anemia in a practically white language contrastedred spots, accompanied by a pronounced pallor of the gums.

Diagnosis of

Due to a variety of reasons leading to the appearance of red spots, rashes and spots in the oral cavity and adjacent areas, a thorough investigation of the case with diligent collection of anamnesis is necessary in the case when the patient's condition allows. In the case of incompetent persons and children, a questioning of the mother or other caregiver is needed.

If the infection process is suspected, in addition to physical examination, it becomes necessary to analyze the material of scraping from mucous membranes, sowing on nutrient media to identify the pathogen and determine its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.

It will be useful to participate in the diagnostic process of an ENT doctor, an endocrinologist, a mycologist, an oncologist, each of whom will propose his own range of studies to establish the causes of the onset of a syndrome or disease.

When a rash is detected in the mouth

Every case of rash in the mouth, regardless of the primacy or repetition of the phenomenon, should be carefully analyzed by a dentist, even without life-threatening symptoms. Because a persecution in the throat of one family member can be an acute illness that will put the whole family in bed.

Under no circumstances should one delay an independent visit to a doctor, and when hyperthermia, increased signs of an edema of the respiratory tract( even slight difficulty in breathing), and especially nausea, vomiting and other brain phenomena, the call of the "first aid" must be carried out without fail andimmediately.

In no case should the patient take an independent decision about his condition, let alone attempt to self-medicate - all diagnostic and therapeutic measures must necessarily be coordinated with medical specialists.

For painless and harmless in appearance appearance in the mouth can become the onset of oncological pathology.

Is treatment always necessary?

The general approach to treatment depends on the cause of the provocateur.

If the variant with an allergy to toothpaste is sufficient to replace it with another, Kaposi's sarcoma requires radical operative excision with subsequent irradiation and chemotherapy.

In the case where the appearance of red spots is a symptom of an acute infectious disease, a course of therapy aimed at the destruction or suppression of the causative agent is conducted.

Given that the microorganism-pathogen can be a representative of one of the numerous classes of pathogens, therapy is carried out using the following means:

• antimicrobial;
• antiprotozoal;
• antiviral;
• is an antifungal.

That is, the drug is selected taking into account the anatomy and physiology of the pathogen and its sensitivity to one or another category of active substances of medicines.

These can be substances from the group:

• antibiotics;
• sulfonamides;
• of nitrofurans;
• anti-tuberculosis and other.

Given that the changes made in the body by the invasion of the pathogen are great and diverse, in addition to the means for suppressing the cause of the disease, there are necessary means with the action:

• antihistamine;
• is an analgesic;
• is decompensated;
• is anti-inflammatory;
• is antipyretic or complex.

A separate category consists of emergency and resuscitation tools, including the use of Euphyllin, Prednisolon, Adrenaline and others.

Most often, outpatient treatment is applied using a set of multidirectional agents. In cases causing uncertainty about the possibility of outpatient therapy or presenting a diagnostic difficulty, the patient is hospitalized in a department of the appropriate profile.

Conditions that cause depletion of immunity and the whole organism are treated by appropriate methods, starting with vitamin therapy and detoxification methods, including immunomodulators and substitution therapy, and ending with hardening procedures and exercise therapy, massage and similar measures for general improvement of health.

Chronically recurrent diseases require particularly persistent and methodical treatment with the use of various categories of drugs, including hormonal.

Preventive measures to prevent the appearance of spots and rashes in the oral cavity and in adjacent areas are also aimed at maximizing health from childhood and imply timely and thorough care of this area of ​​the body, competent, full and varied nutrition, elimination of harmful addictions, and if availablechronic diseases of any nature, their treatment.

Visit at least twice a year to a dentist who knows what to do with spots in the mouth and outside, should become the same habit as brushing your teeth twice a day.