What do you need a first-grader for school? Concept of the child's readiness for school

The article contains supporting material for parents who prepare a child for school.

Preparing the child for school is a responsible step for the whole family. After all, the school is a new stage of life, during which the child will develop mentally, physically and emotionally. It is in school that the child will become a full member of society, learn how to communicate in a team.

But to ensure that the first year in school was not stressful, the child and his parents should be thoroughly prepared. If the child attended kindergarten, then this is a big plus.

There he mastered the basics of the necessary knowledge in school, communicated with peers. But in kindergarten they can not pay attention to everyone. Therefore, it is parents who should evaluate the preparation of the baby for school and help him, in case of a backlog.

Diagnostics of the child's readiness for school

Readiness for school is not measured by one indicator. Diagnosis should be carried out based on the basic stages of development of the preschooler:

• Physical activity. It is necessary to observe how often the child moves and can change the active line of activity to a calm one. In today's world, parents often face the problem of child's hyperactivity. In this case, the child is difficult to concentrate and sit in one place. But in school, the lessons will last a long time
• And, during them, the child will not only need to sit quietly, but also concentrate on gaining knowledge. The other side of the coin is the passivity of the baby. Not active children, often touchy and difficult to get along in the team. Therefore, parents need to adequately assess physical activity and help in its normalization
• Mental abilities. The school presents a number of requirements to the knowledge and skills of children who enter the school. Therefore, in advance it is necessary to define, in what spheres the kid lags behind. And, if possible, make up for lost time
• Emotional stability. To feel comfortable in school, a child must be stress-resistant and sociable. It is necessary to teach the child the rules of behavior in the team, communication skills in conflict situations

Diagnostics should be carried out at least one year before the child goes to school. To have time to fix the flaws.

Mental readiness indicators of a child for school

The basic indicators of a child's readiness for school are:

• The ability to think and the ability to imagine. Before going to school, the child should already be able to logically answer some simple questions, analyze the proposed situation. Also, he must be able to come up with a story or a short story. There are many classes in the game that help develop the thinking abilities of
• . Knowledge of letters and the ability to read. Even 20 years ago, children were taken to school, "starting from scratch."Now, the situation has changed. In our information age, the pace of development of children accelerated. Therefore, according to the program, pre-school children should be familiar with the letters and be able to read, at least according to the syllables
• Initial writing skills. To the child learned to write quickly and without problems, his hand should be prepared for school. He must confidently hold the handle, be able to draw geometric figures of it
• Correct speech. The ability to speak correctly, not to bend and not to lisp, is very important for readiness for school. Also, the kid should be able to formulate his thoughts, make logical suggestions

Physical readiness of the child for school

The physical readiness of the child for school is characterized by several parameters:

• Normal activity. The child should be mobile, but at the same time, be able to concentrate and calm down
• Health. In the kindergarten, before the school, a number of surveys are conducted. They will help to identify diseases and deficiencies in the physical development of
• . The ability to control your body. This parameter means the ability of the baby to coordinate his movements: hold a spoon and fork, handle, perform simple dance movements.
• Physical skills of the child. In school, among general education lessons, there will be a physical education lesson. It's good if the child is ready for it in advance and can easily cope with the

regulations. In order to physically prepare the child for school, an integrated approach is needed. It is necessary to perform morning exercises, to carry out hardening. Also, it is necessary to develop fine motor skills of the hands: to collect constructors, to engage in stitching and embroidering. It is necessary to prepare mentally the kid, that at school he will need to focus on a long time. Even before school, you can assign responsible tasks that require silence and concentration.

How to prepare a home child for school

If, for some reason, the kid does not go to kindergarten, then the whole responsibility for preparing him for school lies with his parents. Well, if you can invite a specialist to the house. He will help in teaching the child necessary for school knowledge, will give competent advice on education.

• Attention should be paid to the health of the child. Regularly walk with him in the fresh air, play active games. You can give the child to the sports section
• Do not allow the baby to be isolated. He must communicate not only with his parents, but also with his peers. Even if the child does not go to kindergarten, he can find friends in the yard or in the sports section of the
• Conduct classes that develop thinking and imagining. For parents who are superficially familiar with preschool pedagogy, it is recommended to purchase special literature
• Psychologically prepare a child for school. Home children, it is more difficult to join the team. After all, most of the time they were at home, along with the parents of
• Comprehensive development of the child. For the development of the baby is not enough to attend classes. It is important to explore the world around us. Go to the forest, park, zoo, visit exhibitions and concerts. The child must have a real understanding of the world

How to prepare a child of 5 years for the school

There is a list of skills and knowledge that a modern child should have at the age of 5:

• Solve simple logical tasks
• To be able to listen and retell
• To be able to learn a children's poem
• To be ableuse the pen, draw geometric shapes
• Possess drawing and modeling skills
• Know the letters and be able to read by syllables

How to prepare the child for school 6 years

At 6 years old, the requirementsto the schoolboy increase. Now, he must be able to read more freely small stories. Be able to retell the reading yourself. Also, the child must learn the writing of letters and be able to draw straight lines and correct figures.

• Mathematical knowledge: know the names of geometric shapes, know the numbers
• Logically skills: to be able to guess riddles, to be able to find differences and similarities.
• Speech functions: to be able to express your thoughts clearly and build sentences. To be able to tell a small story. For example, "Who works for parents" or "How I spent the summer"
• Knowledge of the world around: know the profession, the names of animals and plants.
• Domestic skills: must be able to dress independently, zip up, neatly fold or hang things

How to prepare a child for school: advice of a psychologist

Here are some tips that psychologists give to prepare for school in a harmonious way:

• Do not burden your baby with your own negative memories of the school. You do not need to say "it's hard in school," "it's dangerous in school," or other similar negative settings.
• Identify your child's ability to communicate. Tell him about the need to be in a team, to have friends. If necessary, seek help from a psychologist
• . It is not necessary that preparation for school takes away all free time. In this case, the child will develop an aversion to gaining new knowledge. Try to turn the learning process into a fun game. Make variety in classes
• Develop in the child self-confidence, encourage him. Do not compare the child with other children. Better, find in him the strongest side. For example, you do not need to say "Here Masha reads better than you."Better say: "You draw well. That would be great if you learned to read as well! »
• Teach your child respect for peers and for elders. Also, teach the correct behavior in society and the standards of propriety

What documents are needed for the school

• Application for admission to school
• Birth certificate and its copy
• Certificate of citizenship and registration
• Medical card showing all vaccinations and the state of health of the child
• Form withvaccinations
• A copy of the passport of one of the parents

The list that you need to buy in school

Another difficulty that parents face is the list of what the kid might need before going to school. Here is an indicative list that will help you get everything you need:

• School uniform( if provided by the school).If there is no standard school uniform, then you need to buy: white blouses or shirts, black trousers or skirt, strict jacket, socks and tights
• Sportswear: tracksuit, sneakers, socks, shirts
• Shoes for winter and spring, lightweight change shoes, Czechs
• Stationery: diary, exercise books and a line, pencil case, scissors, pens and pencils, album, colored pencils and paints, plasticine, a set of colored paper and cardboard, ruler, pencil sharpener, PVA glue.
• Tutorials and supporting materials required by the school
• Knapsack that will not deform the posture
• Optional accessories: napkins, handkerchiefs and paper

Some things can be bought in advance( for example, stationery).But shoes and clothes are better to buy before September 1.After all, children grow fast. During the summer period, the shape and shoes can become small.

Preparing a child for school requires an integrated approach. In spite of the fact that this is a crucial stage, it is not necessary to aggravate the situation. Let the process of preparation proceed naturally and at ease. Then, the child will be willing to go to the first class.

Video: Preparing the child for school