Emergency care for stenosis of the larynx in children and adults

This disease, like stenosis of the larynx, is a considerable danger because of severe consequences, which can potentially lead. This disease affects most children, however, adults are also not insured. Stenosis manifests itself as the inability to breathe normally due to the narrowing of the laryngeal lumen.

The disease is characterized by attacks of suffocation( asphyxia), which can threaten even life. Therefore, it is necessary to know how simple methods and techniques can provide the patient with urgent first aid. In this article, we will consider this question, and we will find out how to provide first aid for stenosis to children and adults.

A little about the disease

Stenosis of the larynx, as already mentioned, is narrowing to a greater or lesser extent the lumen of the respiratory throat. As a result, oxygen enters the lungs with difficulty, and if the lumen is narrowed completely, then only the surgical operation can help the patient breathe.

During the attacks the patient is breathing heavily, can greatly strain the neck muscles, blush. The disease is dangerous because the decrease in the level of oxygen( hypoxia) increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.

There are alarming statistics that stenosis of the larynx leads to infant mortality in 1-5% of all cases, and if the disease has reached the stage of decompensation - then in 33% of cases.

But if you start treatment on time, then such a sad outcome can be completely avoided. Stenosis in the first-second stage is well amenable to drug therapy. The most important thing is to treat the disease completely, so that it does not leak into a chronic form. In the latter case, the stenosis will progress steadily slowly. Interestingly, over time, the body can adapt to the constant lack of oxygen, and learn to live in the regime of its deficiency. However, as already mentioned, the disease will still progress, so treatment is necessary.

The need to have the skills of emergency care for stenosis is due to the fact that seizures, especially with chronic disease, can occur regularly. And if the child has a congenital narrowing of the larynx, then he can suffer similar attacks even at every cold disease.

Reasons for

Let us find out what factors and prerequisites cause such a serious condition.

Stenosis can occur as a result of an inflammatory disease that affects the respiratory system. Inflammation can develop due to:

• laryngitis;
• sore throats;
• groats: true and false;
• erysipelas and other diseases.

Various infections can also become the "progenitors" of stenosis of the larynx. These include:

• scarlet fever;
• malaria;
• typhoid;
• syphilis;
• tuberculosis and other diseases.

On video stenosis of the larynx in children:

An allergic reaction in the form of a laryngeal edema is a common cause of the ailment.

Contact with a foreign body can lead to stenosis.

Tumors of the larynx, including benign, can be the cause of stenosis. If, in case of failures in the hormonal system, the thyroid gland increases, this too can cause asthma attacks.

Problems with the esophagus and larynx, trachea can become a source of inflammatory process leading to stenosis.

Various injuries, including as a result of careless actions of the surgeon in the operation, sometimes cause a narrowing of the lumen in the larynx. Injury can also be obtained by a household method or by a burn.

The congenital narrow passage in the larynx often becomes the direct cause of chronic stenosis.

If a person is prone to allergies, he is at risk. Often, it is an allergy that provokes an asphyxia attack. And if there are abscesses in the throat, as happens, for example, with inflammation of the glands, they can become a source of infection and infection, mucus in the larynx.

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Symptoms of an attack

How an acute attack of stenosis of the larynx expresses itself.

The inspiratory dyspnea is the most common symptom. Respiration is irregular, the rhythm of heartbeat is disturbed. The face becomes covered with sweat, lips turn pale.

After the stage of excitement, if the help has not yet been provided, the patient becomes lethargic, apathy. The skin becomes pale.

With the most severe development of the situation, the pupils expand, cramps appear. During seizures, involuntary emptying of the intestine and bladder often occurs. If there is no help to the patient, paralysis of the respiratory organs is possible, after which - death.

Emergency care for a child

It should be noted that with this disease any "sneeze" in a child, any coughing should cause caution, and a readiness to immediately call an ambulance. From the beginning of a cough to a suffocating fit, it can take literally minutes, so parents in this case do not relax. What measures can be taken before the arrival of doctors to help the child during an attack of suffocation.

It is necessary to calm the child, very small - to take .Open immediately the window or window, letting in a lot of fresh air. This action will help to facilitate the breathing of the child, and at the same time will moisten the air in the room.

Remove from your baby tight, pressing clothes. Make sure that it is not tightly wrapped. Spoon down on the root of his tongue to facilitate breathing.

Inhalation with saline or alkaline mineral water. Attention: do not use a pot of hot water for this procedure: the risk of an airway burn is great. The best nebulizer is the best. In the absence of the latter, you can simply breathe in the bath above the steam from the tap with hot water pouring out of it.

. Grind the baby's legs, paying special attention to the calves. You can also make a foot bath with a warm( closer to hot) water. This remedy will help to ensure the outflow of blood from the upper part of the body to the lower one.

Give the baby an antihistamine. Very often the attack of suffocation is allergic in nature, so this remedy will not be superfluous. If the situation is severe, you can do inhalation with a steroid drug - Pulmicort or Hydrocortisone. Prednisolone injection also helps.

Treatment of

After removal of the first symptoms, therapeutic measures should be taken to relieve the signs of stenosis of the larynx. If a child has an acute attack of suffocation, he is necessarily hospitalized. The main goal of the treatment is to completely eliminate the attacks of suffocation, to prevent the occurrence of hypoxia.

The first measures to combat stenosis of the larynx doctors are carried out immediately at home or in an ambulance on the way to the hospital.

What medicines are used for drug therapy:

• glucocorticosteroids;
• is an anti-inflammatory;
• antihistamines;
• antivirus;
• preparations on a hormonal basis.

If a child is very uneasy, sometimes sedatives are given to him.

If the case is started, an operation is performed, during which a tube is inserted into the child's throat, through which he will breathe temporarily. Sometimes only this method, called intubation, can save a life.

The placement of a child in a hospital occurs in most cases: there he will be under the watchful care of doctors, will attend physiotherapy, take medication to eliminate puffiness and stop the symptoms of stenosis. If an emergency doctor advises hospitalization, do not refuse, in any case, deciding that the baby is calmer and better at home. In the hospital, he is almost guaranteed to recover, while home treatment may have unpleasant consequences, or the treatment may be delayed.

Emergency care for adults

Providing first aid for asphyxia in adults is similar to the "child" option. Our recommendations are below.

First of all, if you observe the occurrence of an attack of asthma in an adult, you must also call an ambulance. With this disease you can not joke, because such attacks end sometimes are very sad.

Open the window and ventilate the room thoroughly. But it is important that the sick person does not fall under the stream of cold air. If the house has an air humidifier, turn it on. Sometimes too dry air in the room can trigger the onset of an attack.

Adult can be well helped by a hot foot bath. A warm compress on the throat will also contribute to "calming down" the asphyxia attack.

It is necessary to give the patient an antihistamine. Suitable are the following:

• Erius;
  

  Erius

• Zodak;
  

  Zodak

• Claritin.
  

  Claritin

Let's drink more .The liquid for drinking should be warm. With an excruciating barking cough, inhalation will help. The procedure should use alkaline solutions. If there are no special saline solutions, you can use alkaline mineral water or baking soda. Naphthyzine can also be added to the inhalation solution: this product has a pronounced vasoconstrictor effect.

If the case of stenosis is severe, you can give the drug on a hormonal basis - for example, Prednisolone( and here's how to use Prednisolone with laryngitis in children, help to understand this information).

This remedy will quickly eliminate the swelling of the mucosa and the spasms of the muscles of the larynx. In the absence of prednisolone, Diphenhydramine is administered( It will also be interesting to learn about the use of cold powder with diphenhydramine) or diprasine, which have similar effects.

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Recommendations for the prevention of

Eliminate contacts with people with colds. And do not go to places where you can easily catch an infection. At work during the epidemic, you can use a mask that protects against many malicious bacilli.

Provide full nutrition to yourself and your child .It is important that the diet included foods rich in vitamins and minerals. It is important not to eat foods that cause allergies: very often stenosis is allergic in nature. Temper yourself, and accustom yourself to a healthy lifestyle of the baby.

If you know that someone from the household stenosis, in the medicine cabinet must necessarily appear drug Prednisolone. Sometimes the account goes for minutes, and sometimes the life of a person can depend on the time taken on the injection. Especially fast acute attack of stenosis develops in children. However, this medication should be administered only if the case is really severe: with unexpressed symptoms, you can wait for the doctors to arrive, providing easier assistance.

We examined the features of emergency care for stenosis of the larynx. Now you know how to cope with the attack of suffocation, which has arisen because of this disease in the child and the adult. Do not run the disease, conduct therapeutic activities under the supervision of a doctor, and you probably will not have to give emergency help.