One of the most important and informative positions in the biochemical analysis of blood is the indicator of bilirubin. General, direct, indirect - these data can tell a lot about the state of your health. The complexion with increased bilirubin content acquires a yellowish-gray hue, the eyes become inflamed, the general condition of the body worsens, discomfort in the left hypochondrium and high fever are felt. To search for the causes of increased bilirubin, the research area should be significantly expanded.
- role of bilirubin
- Reasons for increasing
- Adults
- have
- children during pregnancy
- Symptoms
- How dangerous
- Treatment
- Pharmacotherapy
- Allohol
- Holenzim
- Karsil
- Odeston
- holosas
- Folk remedies
- herbal teas
- Birch leaves
- herbal
- Calendula tincture
- Beet juice
- Features of food
- Prophylaxis
Role of bilirubin
Bilirubin is a bile pigment that is noduktom disintegration of red blood cells. His appearance is due to 85% of the process of destruction of red blood cells and 15% of death of other hemo-containing substances.
The lion's share of hemoglobin formation occurs in the liver, the bone marrow and spleen are also participants in the process. Scientists believe that the main role of bilirubin in the body is the performance of the function of a cellular antioxidant.
According to the average statistical data, within a day, up to 300 mg of bilirubin leaves the body, which is replaced by a new one. If the amount of total bilirubin exceeds the indicator of 20.5 micromolar( μmol / L), poisoning begins.
Initially, indirect bilirubin( a norm of 1.7 to 17.0 μmol / L) is formed in the blood, which is not excreted from the human body. These indicators do not have age or gender differences, except for infants. Ideally, it enters the liver, in which it transforms into its direct form( norm 0.86 to 5.3 μmol / l), and in this form it goes along with feces or urine. It is this pigment that gives the feces a characteristic brown shade, bruises - yellowish green, and urine - straw-beige color.
to table of contents ^Reasons for increasing
High levels of bilirubin in the blood are associated with a variety of reasons. This can be the presence of pathological processes in the body, due to which the disintegration of erythrocytes increases. The liver, accordingly, does not have time to transform indirect bilirubin in a straight line and then remove it from the body, and as a result it begins to accumulate.
Infectious diseases and damage to liver cells also provoke an increase in its level and lead to hepatic-cellular jaundice.
Damage to liver cells is fraught with the fact that indirect bilirubin does not pass into direct pigment and as a result it enters the blood in two of its states.
to contents ^In adults
The following factors influence the deviation of the level of bilirubin from the norm:
- acquired or congenital anemia;
- side effects of taking medications;
- violation of gallbladder outflow from the gallbladder;
- Gilbert syndrome, in which the process of producing liver enzymes is disrupted;
- parasites living in the body;
- deficiency of vitamin B12.
In children
In newborns, inflated rates of bilirubin in the blood are normal. For example, its concentration of 256 μmol / l is not a deviation for a full-term baby and a concentration of 171 μmol / l is optimal for twins and premature infants. The cause of increased bilirubin in newborns is fetal hemoglobin, or rather the process of its destruction, which begins immediately after the birth of the baby. It is he who leads to jaundice in infants, but, fortunately, at the 3rd week of the baby's life, this action exhausts itself.
When Pregnant
As a rule, the cause of increased bilirubin in a pregnant woman is hidden in the peculiarities of the fetus's location. The embryo can create too much pressure on the internal organs of the mother, especially the liver, which leads to a difficult outflow of bile. Since bilirubin itself after processing leaves the body through the bile-excreting pathways, their dizziness becomes the reason for the accumulation of this pigment in the body.
to contents ^Symptoms of
Elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood are characterized by the following symptoms:
- nausea;
- loss of appetite;
- general weakness of the body;
- a constant feeling of fatigue;
- itching;
- dizziness;
- headaches;
- discomfort in the left hypochondrium;
- is a dull, yellowish shade of the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes.
Than
is dangerous. A high concentration of hemoglobinogenic pigment in the blood can lead to intoxication of the body. As it settles in cells, it adversely affects the work of the respiratory tract, which can lead to the death of the patient. In some cases, it passes through the blood-brain barrier, penetrates into the nervous system, which can threaten the development of toxic encephalopathy. The most terrible consequences of not detected during elevated bilirubin level can be cirrhosis, viral forms of hepatitis and even liver cancer.
to contents ^Treatment of
There are several types of effective therapies successfully coping with both the consequences and the very cause of the disease:
- Infusion .It is the main means of lowering the level of bilirubin in the blood. Through intravenous infusion of drugs aimed at detoxifying the body, and glucose, bilirubin is withdrawn along with the products of its disintegration.
- Phototherapy .This technique uses irradiation with the help of lamps that destroy indirect bilirubin, but are absolutely harmless to the body as a whole.
Medication treatment
If the cause of the off-scale indicators is a violation of the bile output, then in this situation it is necessary to apply medication, using drugs that normalize this process. The most popular and effective choleretic preparations:
to the table of contents ^Allochol
The drug is available in the form of coated tablets. One Allochol tablet contains:
- 80 milligrams of animal or condensed bile;
- 40 milligrams of dry garlic;
- 5 milligram of dried nettle leaves;
- 25 milligrams of activated carbon.
The drug activates the sectional work of the liver and restores the level of bile production in the body.
The use of the drug may cause allergic reactions with individual intolerance of components in the composition, as well as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
to contents ^Cholenzim
The preparation is available in the form of coated tablets. One Cholenzyme tablet contains:
- 0, 1 gram of dry bile;
- 0, 1 gram of the gland of the dried pancreas;
- 0, 1 gram of dried mucosa of the small intestine.
Excipients:
- sugar;
- flour;
- magnesium carbonate;
- aerosil;
- titanium dioxide;
- Calcium Sterate;
- gelatin;
- beeswax.
Favorably affects both the organs of the digestive system as a whole and speeds up the process of bile output. Contraindicated taking the drug in acute forms of diseases of the stomach, gallbladder, liver.
to contents ^Karsil
The preparation is available in the form of coated tablets. One tablet of Karsila contains:
- active substance - silymarin;
- milk sugar;
- wheat starch;
- colidon;
- magnesium sterate;
- theta deoxid;
- gelatin;
- extract of the milk thistle fruit;
- glycyrin.
The drug well restores liver cells, and this in turn leads to balancing of bile excreting processes.
The use of the drug may cause allergic reactions with individual intolerance of components in the composition, as well as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
to contents ^Odeston
The preparation is available in the form of coated tablets. The main active ingredient in the preparation is Gimecromone.
The drug relieves spasms from the muscles surrounding the biliary tract, and increases the level of bile secretion. The use of the drug can cause allergic reactions with individual intolerance of components in the composition, as well as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, lower abdominal pain, headaches.
to the table of contents ^Holosas
The preparation is produced as a syrup. The effect of the drug is due to its constituent components:
- hips;
- vitamins B1, B2, C, E, K, PP;
- provitamin A;
- sugar;
- apple and citric acid;
- pectins;
- flavonoids;
- essential oils;
- dextrin;
- vanillin;
- lecithin;
- salts of K, Ca, Fe, Mg.
The drug well restores liver cells, and this in turn leads to balancing of bile excreting processes.
The use of the drug may cause allergic reactions with individual intolerance of components in the composition, as well as nausea, vomiting, bloating and diarrhea.
Folk remedies
To help the body remove bilirubin and toxic substances from the body, and to facilitate and normalize liver function,herbs. Recommended to use the following recipes:
to contents ^Herbal decoction
Mix in equal proportions mint, chamomile flowers, motherwort and St. John's Wort, then pour the resulting mixture with water and bring to a boil in a water bath. Take 2 times a day for 1 teaspoon 15 minutes before eating.
to contents ^Birch leaves
Prepare a concentrated solution of birch leaves, using 5 tablespoons of raw material per 1 liter of water, and take three times a day.
to the table of contents ^Herbal collection
Make an infusion by mixing in equal parts the rose hips, lemongrass, chamomile, motherwort, St. John's wort, mint, aralia, birch leaf, corn stigmas, and add the leuzea extract and tincture of ginseng to the resulting mixture. Take 2 times a day before meals for 1 tablespoon.
to table of contents ^Calendula tincture
Take a tincture of calendula 1 tablespoon several times during the day.
to contents ^Beet juice
Before each meal, drink freshly squeezed beet juice in an amount of at least 250 milliliters.
to contents ^Features of
nutrition To support the body during treatment, doctors are strongly recommended to adhere to a certain diet. Products on which to accent:
- pure still water;
- natural fresh juices;
- jelly;
- sour-milk products with a low percentage of fat content;
- vegetables;
- cream and vegetable oil;
- unsweetened fruit;
- porridge without the addition of salt, sugar, spices and other condiments;
- boiled fish.
Products to be rejected:
- alcoholic beverages;
- salt and pickles;
- canned foods;
- smoked meat;
- sauerkraut;
- spicy seasonings and vinegar;
- is sweet and floury;
- fungi;
- garlic;
- ice cream;
- chocolate;
- fried meat;
- cheese;
- mussels and oysters;
- coffee;
- green onion, radish and sorrel.
Prevention of
The best prevention to prevent an increase in the level of bilirubin in the blood will be daily maintenance of the body in a tone that includes proper nutrition, exercise, gymnastics, rest and sleep. You should take drugs that improve metabolism in the liver and regularly use vitamin C and ascorbic acid.