In urology infectious inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder is called cystitis. The disease is diagnosed in 0.5% of men over 40 years of age, and is mainly a complication of various urological diseases, in which there is stagnation of fluid in the bladder or its infection. Therefore, with the first symptoms of cystitis, you need to consult a doctor to prevent undesirable consequences.
- Causes of
- Symptoms of
- Acute form of cystitis
- Chronic cystitis
- Treatment of
- Folk remedies
- Prevention of
Reasons for
The prerequisites for the development of infectious cystitis in men are:
- E. coli.
- Trichomonases.
- Staphylococcus aureus.
- Proteus.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Pathogenic fungi.
The development of the disease requires the presence of additional factors that reduce the resistance to infections:
- Frequent stress.
- Subcooling. Stagnation of urine in the bladder.
- Diseases that reduce immunity.
Non-infectious cystitis in men is less common. Its cause may be:
- The effect of chemicals contained in certain medicines.
- Burn of the mucous membrane that occurs when the bladder was washed with a high-temperature solution or with an incorrect concentration of the drug.
- Injury of the bladder.
- Radioactive Emission.
- Defeat with kidney stone or other foreign body, for example, with a catheter.
Tumors and diverticula may interfere with normal urination. The development of the disease can also be caused by prostate adenoma and stricture( constriction) of the urethra. In young boys, cystitis is manifested against a background of neurogenic dysfunction and phimosis( narrowing of the foreskin).
Symptoms of
to the table of contents ^Acute form of cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder always begins acutely. The most frequent symptom of acute cystitis is painful and difficult urination, with frequent( every 15-20 minutes) and false urges.
From time to time, the patient may experience urinary incontinence, the properties of which change: it acquires turbidity, an unpleasant, specific odor. In severe cases, urine can be with pus( leukocyturia), blood( terminal hematuria) and putrefactive odor.
Other symptoms of acute disease include:
- General weakness.
- Temperature rise.
- Decreased performance, lethargy, malaise, chills.
- Pain sensations in the pubic region, scrotum, penis, groin.
- Burning in the urethra.
- Sensation that the bladder was not completely released after emptying.
- Unpleasant sharp smell of urine and its small amount( up to 400 ml per day).
- Joint and muscle pain due to fever.
If acute cystitis is accompanied by fever, profuse sweating and signs of intoxication, the patient is subject to urgent hospitalization. At a body temperature above 37.5 cystitis can spread further and cause the development of pyelonephritis - inflammation of the kidneys.
In the results of the general analysis of urine, the patient has an increase in the number of white blood cells and protein, which indicates a progressive inflammation in the body.
Chronic cystitis
This form has no sharp and painful manifestations, proceeds more calmly, but conceals in itself more danger for the male body. In the disease there is undulating activity, remission, which is replaced by acute manifestations. Desires in the toilet are not so frequent, and in the urine there are more mucous, and not bloody impurities.
The bladder itself wrinkles due to a long inflammatory process, and its epithelium is covered with a scar tissue. Painful sensations in the lower abdomen and rez in the urethra weaken and become mild. In the chronic course of the disease, all layers of the walls of the bladder are usually affected, cysts, bleeding granulations, ulcers and microabscesses appear on them.
Acute catarrhal cystitis leads to swelling and flushing of the mucous membrane of the bladder. If the inflammation lasts a long time, then a purulent infiltrate is formed on the muscular and submucosal layers of the bladder. The surface is covered with sores and limited areas affected by necrosis.
With the development of necrotizing cystitis in the patient, tissue decomposition products appear in the urine. In this laboratory analysis reveals in the urine erythrocytes and a large number of leukocytes.
Ulcerative cystitis is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine. Very rarely ulcerative and necrotic cystitis is accompanied by purulent peritonitis.
Treatment of
After the diagnosis, detection of the pathogen or concomitant disease of the genitourinary system, the doctor gives medical recommendations. In acute cystitis with persistent urinary retention and severe pain, treatment is performed in a hospital setting.
General purposes:
- Bed rest when exacerbated, temperature drops, heavy drink up to 2.5 liters, diet, excluding salty, acidic and spicy foods.
- Antibacterial agents are prescribed after detection of the causative agent: fluoroquinolones( Nolicin, Cyphran, Ciprolet A), cephalosporins( Ceftibuten, Cefixim), nitrofurants( Furadonin).
- Phytotherapy. It is mandatory in the treatment of cystitis plant diuretic and anti-inflammatory agents, for example, a decoction of bearberry, field horsetail or cranberry leaves. Medicines on a plant basis - Kanefron, Phytolysin, Tsiston are very good. Anesthetics. Remove such a painful symptom will help antispasmodics - Papaverin, No-Shpa, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Nimesil, Diclofenac.
- Bladder flushing. In some cases, the doctor may prescribe a rinse with Novocain blockades and antiseptics.
- Physiotherapy. After the end of the acute period, UHF, electrophoresis, mud therapy, ultrasound, magnetotherapy can be prescribed.
Folk remedies
- Cranberry juice has a good effect in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. It is necessary in 100 milliliters of water to add 3 tablespoons of cranberry juice and 1 tablespoon of honey. Drink 3 times a day for 14 days.
- To remove the pain, infusion of millet will help. In 600 milliliters of water, pour 1 cup of washed millet and leave overnight. In the morning, strain and drink up to 4 times a day for 100 milliliters for 7 days.
- Decoction of herb hernia, leaves bearberry, shoots of thuja and birch buds is recommended to be taken as an effective remedy for cystitis. To prepare the medicine, you need to mix 5 grams of each component, pour a liter of water and boil for 8-10 minutes. Let it brew and drink during the day.
- Infusion of a mixture of leaves of black currant, alternating and sage take at the time of exacerbation of the disease. Mix 1 part of sage and 2 parts of currant and turns, then 2 tablespoons of mixture pour 1.5 liters of hot water and insist in the thermos for about 2 hours. Use 100 milliliters 3 times per knock.
Prevention of
To prevent the occurrence of cystitis, men should adhere to the following rules:
- Do not overcool.
- Observe the hygiene of the genitals.
- Timely treatment of adenoma or prostatitis.
- Avoid infection with sexual infections.
- Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day.
- Strengthen immunity.