Angina is an inflammation of the tonsils caused by various pathogenic microorganisms. Most often, doctors diagnose streptococcal purulent angina - an extremely contagious disease, transmitted mainly by airborne droplets. Improper or untimely cure of the disease can provoke the development of dangerous complications. Therefore, when the first symptoms appear, you need to consult a doctor who will tell you what to treat a purulent sore throat.
- Causes Symptoms Types
- Complications
- Analyzes
- Treatment Drug therapy Physiotherapy
- Surgery
- have
- child during pregnancy
- Traditional recipes
- Prevention
Causes The main cause of the disease are staphylococci and streptococci. Normally, these bacteria are present in the body of each person, but under the influence of some factors, their number increases pathologically, causing the disease itself. To such reasons carry:
- Decreased immunity.
- Undercooling of the body is local( in the throat region) or general.
- Sharp temperature changes.
- Harmful habits( smoking).
- Overexposure and dust, excessive dryness of air.
Symptoms of
- Increase in body temperature up to 40 C and sometimes higher.
- Severe sore throat, especially when swallowing.
- Sore lymph nodes.
- Puffiness of the neck.
- Rashes on the skin.
- Edema of the palatine tonsils, posterior pharyngeal wall and palatine.
- Suppuration and plaque on the tonsils.
- Headache, loss of appetite, weakness of the whole body, apathy, marked intoxication.
- Cough, runny nose( in rare cases).
Depending on the type of angina and the individual characteristics of the patient, the symptomatology can have a different character with the enhancement of one or another characteristic.
to contents ^Types of
- Lacunar angina .With this form of disease, lacunae( channels in the tonsils lined with epithelium and directed toward the throat) are filled with pus. The lacunar form most often passes into chronic tonsillitis.
- Follicular angina is accompanied by the appearance of pus on the follicles of the tonsils, as a result of which the latter are covered with foci of suppuration, visually distinguishable through the epithelium. Follicular angina is more dangerous than the lacunar form: tonsils have a large number of blood vessels leading to the veins and arteries, so there is a risk of infection of the blood. Also this form causes the most frequent complications in terms of damage to the thickness of the functional tissue( parenchyma).In this case, the pain that reflects in the ear canals is pronounced, and the larynx is strongly swollen.
- Flegnomosnaya angina .The most complex form of the disease, which can purulent melting of one of the inflamed tonsils. The edema extends to the amygdala, adjacent tissues and lymph nodes, toxicity is strongly manifested, the muscles of the chewing muscles are strained from the inflamed side, and the eye and ear begin to ache. In this case, the patient is shown urgent hospitalization and surgical intervention to prevent such unpleasant consequences as sepsis, meningitis or purulent abscess.
Complications of
Local complications include:
- Paratonlesillar abscess and paratonzillitis may occur if the patient is hospitalized only on the 5th-6th day of the onset of the disease. In this case, there is a strong one-sided pain in the throat, fever, fever, pain when opening the mouth, profuse salivation.
- Acute otitis media. In case of incorrect treatment, one or two-sided inflammation of the ear may occur.
- Mediastinitis is a rare but dangerous complication in which pus enters the hard-to-reach cervical parts. Complication requires surgical intervention.
- Discovery of bleeding of the tonsils.
- Polyarthritis( purulent lesion of joints).
- Mitral puffiness is an edema of the laryngeal region, which, if improperly treated, can very quickly become an obstacle to breathing, which threatens suffocation and death.
Common complications after the disease can be:
- Rheumatism - the defeat of the joints and heart muscle.
- Glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis is a renal pathology that can be triggered by the formation of protein compounds in the blood during the disease.
- Myocarditis is an inflammatory reaction in the heart, with the possible occurrence of thromboembolism.
- Pericarditis is an inflammation of the outer membrane of the myocardium and the pericardial sac.
- Endocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the inner shell of the heart muscle.
- Meningitis.
- Septic contamination of blood is a dangerous complication, which is accompanied by the spread of purulent infection with blood flow through the body.
Analyzes of
In most cases, the physician has enough external examination to diagnose: a characteristic plaque, inflamed tonsils, craters and folds filled with pus, as well as purulent plugs are all signs of illness. Laboratory tests are needed to accurately identify the pathogen and prescribe the most effective antibiotic.
The following tests are performed:
- General blood test.
- Sowing and isolating the culture of the pathogen on nutrient media.
- Bacteriological smear( taken from the nasal and pharyngeal cavity).
Treatment
Medical therapy
With purulent angina, the main drugs are antibiotics. Microorganisms can be influenced both systemically( for the whole organism) and locally. For local treatment, sprays are prescribed( Tantum Verde, Yox, Propohsol, Bioparox, Tanflex, Ingalipt, Kameton, Hexaspree) and resorption tablets( Dr. Mom, Sepptelet, Strepsils, Streptocide, Pharyngosept).
However, in many cases it is necessary to use antibacterial drugs systemically. Penicillin and its derivatives are considered to be highly effective. Penicillin is administered intramuscularly 4 times a day. Such medications as Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Ampicillin, Ospamox are administered internally as directed by the doctor.
If the patient has resistance( resistance) to the antibiotic of the penicillin group, macrolides( Roxithromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin) or fluoroquinolones( Cyphran, Ciprolet) are prescribed.
Cephalosporins are also used to treat angina. Intramuscularly and intravenously, Cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefazolin, ceftazidime are administered. For oral administration, Suprax is used.
The average duration of taking antibacterial drugs is from 5 to 10 days, depending on the severity of the disease.
In addition to antibiotic therapy for purulent sore throat are also prescribed:
- Throat rinsing with antiseptic solutions( Rotokan, Chlorophyllipt, Stopangin, Malavit), as well as with hydrogen peroxide, boric acid or iodine.
- Therapeutic anesthetic compresses on the lymph nodes, where the tissue is impregnated with a mixture of 10 parts of alcohol and 1 part of novocaine.
- Treatment of the mouth and tonsils for disinfection and removal of plaque with the help of oil Chlorophyllipt, Lugol or Dental.
- Antipyretic drugs( Panadol, Nurofen, Paracetamol).
- Antihistamines( Loratadine, Suprastin, etc.).
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is recommended after the end of the acute period of the illness. Widely used KUF zev - a procedure that warms the tonsils and improves blood circulation in them. With the prolonged course of the disease, a beneficial effect is provided by ultraphonophoresis on palatine tonsils with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs.
Also useful are inhalations with lysozyme, immunoglobulin, dioxidine, hydrocortisone.
to contents ^Surgical treatment
The operation is indicated if purulent angina is observed quite often( more than 4 times a year) and it is difficult. In this case, tonsillectomy or laser lacunomy is performed. At present, the cryosurgical method of treatment( freezing of the tonsils) has become more frequent. However, you first need to work on the area of the tonsils with ultrasound to accelerate healing and reduce the response of tissues.
to contents ^Child
Therapy of infectious diseases in children requires the use of more gentle medications than adults.
Treatment of purulent sore throat in a child is carried out exclusively under the supervision of a doctor. Usually doctors prescribe:
- Antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action( Sumamed, Supraks, Flemoksin Solutab, Amoxiclav, Zinnat).
- Antihistamines( Suprastin, Claritin, Lorahexal) help prevent unwanted effects on the body.
- General restorative drugs( Viferon, Imudon) - improve the body's resistance to infections and enhance the immune defense of the patient.
- Painkillers for the relief of pain symptoms in the sore throat, for example, Spray Aqualor, Oracept, Tantum Verde, etc.
When pregnant
The main danger of angina during pregnancy is that harm can be caused not only to the health of the mother, but also to her baby. Therefore, the treatment of the disease must necessarily begin with the advice of a doctor who will decide on the need to prescribe funds with antibacterial action.
Tablet form of antibiotics, as well as injectable for injections, can harm the development of the fetus, in this case preference is given to preparations with local action( aerosol Bioparox, Geksoral, etc.).
In addition to antibiotic therapy, pregnant women are prescribed throat rinsing with antiseptic solutions( Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Iodinol).Also, salt solutions for rinses are used.
Nutrition of the expectant mother during the treatment of sore throats also refers to the necessary measures of therapy. Doctors recommend eating liquid and sparing food, for example, broths, boiled porridges on water, fruit and vegetable purees. The food should be warm. Contaminated smoked meat, various marinades, as well as sharp and sour dishes.
to the table of contents ^Folk recipes
As an auxiliary therapy it is recommended to use folk remedies for purulent sore throat:
- Effective gargling with marigold infusion.10 grams of flowers pour a glass of boiling water, cool and strain. Procedures should be performed every hour in the acute period of the disease.
- A good remedy is propolis, which must be resorbed or chewed each time after eating food for 20-30 minutes. The daily dose of propolis should not exceed 1 teaspoon.
- Decoction of aspen bark. Dry raw materials need to be crushed, pour water( 1 part of the bark into 2 parts of water), then boil for a quarter of an hour, cool and use to rinse your throat every time after eating, and also in the evening before going to bed.
- Broth of fruits and leaves of common cowberry to prevent complications.1/3 cup of berries and leaves pour 250 milliliters of water and bring to a boil. Then cover, insist, cool, strain and consume 200 milliliters 5 times a day, replacing them with other beverages.
Prevention of
To prevent disease, the following rules must be observed:
- To be fully nutritious.
- To observe the rules of hygiene and not to contact people who are already sick with purulent angina.
- Tempering and playing sports.
- Ventilate rooms frequently and do wet cleaning.
- Strengthen the immune system.