Mantoux reaction in children: norm, positive and negative, photo. Where do Mantoux reaction, how much do they check, how often do they do it?

The article will tell you why Mantoux's test is necessary, what consequences it can lead to and how to abandon it.

Children of primary school age regularly make a reaction to Mantoux. According to the medical staff of the school, this is a necessary procedure that will help to identify in advance the pathogens of tuberculosis in the child's body.

However, such a procedure can not be carried out when the child is ill with colds or at school general quarantine. The Mantoux reaction, like other medical procedures, the school has no right to conduct without the consent of the parents. In order for parents to adequately assess the significance of this procedure, we suggest studying all the pros and cons.

What does the Mantoux reaction mean?

• Mantoux reaction is a subcutaneous injection. The composition of the injection is a special medical solution containing a small amount of tubercle bacilli.
• The baby's immune system should respond to the introduction of pathogens into the body and eliminate them.
• This process occurs within three days, after which the medical staff assess the Mantoux reaction. This is done with a millimeter ruler, the nurse measures the size of the swelling formed.
• Mantoux reaction is an indicator of how much the immune system of a baby is able to fight a tubercle bacillus.

Why Mantoux Test

Where to do the Mantoux reaction?

• Mantoux reaction is conducted annually to identify children infected with tuberculosis. Another purpose of the Mantoux trials is to carry out vaccination against tuberculosis.
• The first vaccine against tuberculosis is administered even in the hospital, almost immediately after birth. Further, this vaccination should be repeated at 7 and 14 years. Vaccination is carried out only if the Mantoux reaction is negative.
• Do Mantou usually in the medical office of the school. If the child for some reason missed the procedure, you can do it at a local clinic. When contacting a polyclinic, you need to take a vaccination card, which will include information on previous Mantoux reactions.

Mantoux

Mantoux reaction: when and how often is it done?

• Mantoux reaction is done every year until 15 - 16 years. It shows the possibility of re-vaccination against tuberculosis.
• You can not conduct a Mantoux reaction if there is an epidemic of influenza in school, or if the child has a cold. In this case, the Mantoux reaction is postponed for a while.

What are the rules for the Mantoux reaction: photo

• The Mantoux reaction has several indications. They are measured by means of a ruler and by external signs. After the injection under the skin, a small inflammatory process begins. The place of swelling and indicates the reaction of Mantoux.
• Negative Mantoux reaction - if there is no swelling at all, or it reaches 1 - 2 mm. Such a reaction indicates the absence of infection of the child.
• Doubtful reaction is if the swelling is insignificant - from 2 to 4 mm. Doctors usually equate a questionable reaction to a negative one.
• Positive reaction - if the swelling is significant and reaches 5 to 15 mm. Sometimes, a positive Mantoux reaction is accompanied by a severe inflammatory process. Such a reaction may indicate that the child is sick with tuberculosis or his immune system inadequately reacts to the injected tuberculosis rod. Certainly you can identify the disease after further examination.

How to correctly measure the Mantoux norm

What if there is a positive Mantoux reaction?

• First, you do not need to panic, a positive reaction is not 100% indicating a child's infection.
• Secondly, you should immediately contact a TB doctor. Do not delay the procedure for further examination because of fears! The earlier the disease is identified, the more likely it is to overcome it.
• The phthisiatrician will assign tests to the child and members of his family, carry out a study of the lungs and chest. Only after this can be diagnosed.

Can the Mantoux reaction be wetted?

• In schools, it is always warned that it is forbidden to water the Mantou reaction. However, do not take this too literally. If the baby accidentally injected the injection site, it is enough to get a wet towel on the place.
• It is forbidden to swim in open water and swimming pools.
• Also, when bathing, do not rub the injection site, apply detergent to it. This can disrupt the correctness of the result of the Mantoux reaction.
• In no case, it is not allowed to smear the Mantoux place with green, alcohol or other disinfectants.

Mantoux reaction rules

Mantoux reaction: side effects of

• Not all Mantoux reaction procedures go smoothly. Affects the immune system of the child.
• Allergic reactions to one of the injection elements may occur. Itching may occur at the injection site. In some cases, nausea and vomiting occur.
• Because of the peculiarities of the immune system, the child may have a fever, lymph nodes may become inflamed. Some people experience a prolonged decline in strength and a condition similar to a cold.

Why does the temperature rise on the Mantoux reaction?

• Normal reaction Mantoux is expressed only at the injection site and does not extend to the entire body.
• Typically, the temperature may rise if the conditions of the procedure or the storage rules of the preparation have not been met.
• If a child has had a cold during the Mantoux reaction, the procedure can complicate the baby's condition and cause a fever.

Temperature rise

How to abandon the Mantoux reaction?

• The parents of the child may abstain from Mantoux, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
• Do not forget that all medical procedures are carried out only with the consent of the person. The child is a minor, therefore the parents are responsible for him. They have a decision to conduct a Mantoux reaction or not.
• If you refuse the procedure, the school or kindergarten staff can send you for consultation with a TB doctor. However, you decide to go to him or not yourself.
• If the child goes to school, the medical staff will constantly remind you that without Mantou's reaction, your child is a threat to the entire collective. They may require a certificate that the child is not sick with tuberculosis.
• The phthisiatrician advises parents of children who avoid the Mantoux reaction to conduct a similar test. However, the composition of the injection is different and does not cause allergic reactions.
• For refusal you need to fill in a special application. He is obliged to give out medical personnel of the educational institution.

Abandonment of Mantoux and vaccination

Is it worth doing a Mantoux response: advice and feedback

• Before you give up the procedure, evaluate all the pros and cons.
• Remember that tuberculosis is a real illness that is very dangerous for all ages. In our country, tuberculosis is extremely active, many people suffer from it.
• TB patients are not all kept in TB dispensaries. Someone from the sick can be your neighbor.
• If your child's body reacts badly to the Mantoux reaction, consult a phthisiatrist for advice. In an out-patient department can spend an injection with other structure.

Video: Mantoux reaction. Doctor Komarovsky