Strabismus in children: symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention. Correction of strabismus without surgery

Strabismus is seen in 2 out of 100 children. It is necessary to know why it arises, how to prevent it and how to cure it.

To see that the child has strabismus, you do not need to see a doctor. Another thing is that parents do not always know if it is a disease, and if so, can it be cured and how to do it.

Why mow the eyes of children: the reasons?

In medicine, strabismus is called strabismus. Externally, this disease is expressed in the asymmetry of the arrangement of the cornea relative to the edges of the eyelids and the corners of the eyes. In this case, the parallelism of the visual axes is broken, both eyes can not be fixed simultaneously on the object.

When strabismus in children, the parallelism of the visual axes of the eyes is impaired.

This problem is observed in many children.

Strabismus:

• congenital
• acquired( more often, at an early age, in children 1 to 4 years old)

IMPORTANT: In infancy and early childhood, the child's visual system is very fragile, it continues to form. At the same time, the load on it is colossal. Developing the child with the help of books, cards, puzzles, designers and, especially, cartoons and computers, parents should remember that the child's eyes should not overextend or become tired.

In addition to excessive eye strain, the causes of strabism in children are:

• mechanical eye trauma,skull, brain
• disruption of the nervous system
• general paralysis
• disease and pathology of the eye muscles
• inflammation and infection of the vessels, eyes, brain
• not diagnosed or not compensatedastigmatism, myopia, farsightedness, other visual impairments
• injuries received by the child during childbirth
• stresses

The causes of strabismus in children can vary, from birth trauma to stress.

Strabismus symptoms

The vision of a healthy person is binocular. This means that both his eyes see the subject at the same time, both send signals about him to the visual analyzer in the brain, where they unite into one.

Thanks to this, a person sees an object in three dimensions. If the child has strabismus, the signal connection from both eyes does not occur: the nervous system excludes the one that is sent by the mowing eye.

The symptom of strabismus is the apparent deviation of one eye.

Symptoms of strabismus in children are:

• visible externally deviation of one eye
• eye fatigue
• headache
• dizziness

IMPORTANT: Contrary to the bike that the image of cross-eyed people is twofold, this is not so. They see how healthy people are, but only with one eye

Types of strobism

The classification of strabismus is quite complicated. Distinguish:

1. Vertical and horizontal strabismus. With the vertical eye deviates upward or downward towards the eyelid. When horizontal - to the bridge of the nose or the temple. It occurs most often and is divided into separate species, each of which should be given attention to
2. . Friendly and paralytic strabismus. Ametropia( violation of the refractive power of the human eye) is often the cause of friendly strabismus, in which mow both eyes in turns. When a child tries to fix a sight on a motionless object, one of his eyes deviates to the nose, temple, upper or lower eyelid. The angle of deflection in both eyes is approximately equal. The mobility of both eyes is preserved

Types of strabismus.

Paralytic strabismus

The cause of this type of strabismus is pathology or damage to the oculomotor muscles, as well as diseases of the optic nerve. Because of this, the mobility of the damaged eye is broken or absent completely. Mows a healthy eye.

Congruent strabismus in children

With convergent strabismus( esotropia) one of the eyes deviates to the bridge of the nose. Often he is a farsighted companion.

IMPORTANT: Converging strabismus may appear in a small child under 2 years old and after some time pass by itself

Divergent strabismus

With divergent strabismus( exotropy) one of the eyes deviates to the temple. Often he is a companion of myopia.

IMPORTANT: Along with the above reasons, strabismus divergent may also be caused by a frightened

Which doctor should be treated with a strabismus?

Strabismus is treated by an ophthalmologist.

Strabismus is diagnosed and corrected by an ophthalmologist.

IMPORTANT: Do not listen to those people who say that there is no need to treat strabismus in a child, they say, it will pass by itself. They are categorically wrong. Also, they are mistaken for those who believe that strabism is not treated, and there is no sense in treating the child. Modern medicine makes it possible to put in order the visual system of the baby. Having found a strabismus, a visit to the ophthalmologist should not be postponed.

Having detected a strabismus in the child on visual preventive examination, the ophthalmologist confirms the diagnosis by determining:

• visual acuity of the child's eye
• mobility of his eyeballs
• absence or presence of organic or functional damage to the visual system

For this, the ophthalmologist applies hardware techniques and conducts electrophysiological studies.

How to cure strabismus in children under one year old?

In children up to 4 months of strabismus may be temporary due to the weakness of the oculomotor muscles.

At the child from birth to 4 months the oculomotor muscles are still weak, so he can look with his eyes. Physiological strabismus in an infant does not need treatment and, usually, goes to the 5th month of life. If this did not happen, the eyes continue to mow, the baby is registered with an ophthalmologist.

IMPORTANT: The earlier the correction of strabismus begins, the higher the chances of its success. If you cure strabismus in a child for up to a year, binocular vision will be preserved

VIDEO: Treatment of strabismus in children

Correction of strabismus. Strabismus treatment programs

The program for correcting strabismus in children is selected individually depending on:

• causes of
• of the type of strabismus
• degree of vision loss
• degree of disruption of communication between the eyes and the brain
• muscle states

Treatment of strabismus can be conservative and operative.

Pleoptika.

Conservative therapy is complex, including:

• Determining the cause of development of strobism
• Determining the type of strobism
• Optical correction with glasses and special contact lenses
• Pleoptika - Turning off from the view of a healthy eye
• Orthoptics - Correction of strabismus using special instruments
• Measures to develop binocularand stereoscopic view
• measures to increase visual acuity

In what cases is an operation performed on strabismus?
According to medical statistics, in the surgical treatment of strabismus need 8 out of 10 children suffering from it.
The operation is performed by the hirud-ophthalmologist. It is he who determines the technique of surgical intervention, gives recommendations to the child and his parents.

IMPORTANT: Modern methods of surgical treatment of strabism allow minimally injuring the eyeball, preserving the integrity of the neuromuscular bundle. Babies are made under general mild anesthesia, older children - under local. This is radio wave and laser surgery

Strabismus prevention

To prevent strabismus, the infant should already have the first month of life:

1. His crib must be placed so that adults approach her from different angles
2. Mobile and toys must hang over the crib at a distance of at least 60 cm
3. Both eyes of the child must be loadedthe same( the child should lie on different barrels)

At the older age, the prevention is as follows:

1. The child must watch TV or be at the computer from the age of 3, not more than 2 hours per dayHb
2. can not watch TV or lying through his head
3. Font in children's books should be a major
4. child should not be subjected to stresses
5. need to strengthen the child's immune system

IMPORTANT: In no case can not forget about preventive visits to the optometrist

VIDEO: Strabismus. Treatment of strabismus in children